تاثیر ریزگرد بر خصوصیات رشدی و فیزیولوژیک خردل وحشی (Sinapis arvensis L.) و جودره (Hordeum spontaneum [K. Koch] Thell.) در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر ریزگرد بر رشد و نمو و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک علف­های هرز خردل وحشی و جودره، دو آزمایش گلخانه­ای  بطور جداگانه و با فاصله زمانی حدود چهل روز و با تیمارهای یکسان، در سال­های 1395 و1396، در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس اجرا شد.  آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت و در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. ترکیب فاکتوریل دو گونه علف­هرز (خردل وحشی و جودره) و سه میزان ریزگرد (صفر، 750 و 1500 میکروگرم بر متر مکعب) به عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار زمان برداشت (هشت برگی، شروع طویل شدن ساقه، شروع گلدهی و شروع بذردهی) به عنوان عامل فرعی آزمایش بودند. صفات اندازه­گیری شده در این آزمایش شامل وزن تر، وزن خشک، فتوسنتز، تعرق و دمای برگ بودند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش میزان ریزگرد، وزن­ کل تر و خشک، روند کاهشی نشان دادند به‌طوری‌که  تیمارهای 750 و 1500 میکروگرم ریزگرد بر متر مکعب در زمان شروع بذردهی، به ترتیب باعث کاهش  وزن­خشک علف­های هرز به میزان 17 و 33 درصد شدند. با افزایش میزان ریزگرد از صفر به 1500 میکروگرم بر متر مکعب، میزان فتوسنتز و تعرق نیز به حدود نصف کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of dust on the growth and physiological traits of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) and wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum [K. Koch] Thell.) in the greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Eshagh Keshtkar 1
  • Masoud Asadi-Sabzi 2
  • Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli 3
1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of dust on the growth and physiological properties of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) and wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum), a greenhouse experiment was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran during 2016 and 2017. The experiment was repeated twice in the same greenhouse condition with eight weeks' interval. The pots were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. Analysis of variance was done as factorial split in time. The factorial combination of two weeds species (wild mustard and wild barley), and three dust concentrations (0, 750 and 1500 µg m-3) were as the main factors, and four harvest times (8 leaves (BBCH-18), beginning of stem elongation (BBCH-30), beginning of flowering (BBCH-61) and beginning of fruit developing (BBCH-71)) were as the sub-factors. Results indicated that total fresh and dry weights were reduced with increasing the amount of dust. At the BBCH-71 growth stage, 750 and 1500 µg m-3 dust concentrations reduced the total dry weight of both species up to 30 and 48%, respectively. 1500 µg m-3 dust concentration decreased both photosynthesis and transpiration rates by approximately 50%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abiotic stress
  • climate change
  • soil erosion
  • wind
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