بررسی مقاومت توده‌های خردل وحشی (Sinapis arvensis) به علف‌کش‌های بازدارنده استولاکتات سینتاز در مزارع گندم استان‌های خوزستان، گرگان و کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه ابوریحان

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه ابوریحان

3 موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی

چکیده

به منظور بررسی وضعیت توده‌های مشکوک خردل وحشی مقاوم به بازدارنده‌های استولاکتات سینتاز در مزارع گندم در سال 1391 تعداد 31 مزرعه گندم مشکوک به مقاومت، شامل 14، 12 و 5 مزرعه به ترتیب در استان‌های گلستان، خوزستان و کرمانشاه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. در بخش اول برخی اطلاعات مهم مدیریتی تجزیه و تحلیل شد. در بخش دوم در یک آزمایش غربالگری، اثر سه علف‌کش از خانواده بازدارنده استولاکتات سینتاز (ALS) شامل تری‌بنورون‌متیل (گرانستار)، مت‌سولفورون‌متیل+سولفوسولفورون (توتال) و یدوسولفورون‌متیل‌سدیم+مزوسولفورون‌متیل+مفن‌پایر‌دی‌‌اتیل (آتلانتیس) بر رشد توده‌های مشکوک گیاه مذکور در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. در بخش سوم به منظور بررسی دز-پاسخ، توده‌های مقاوم G3، G4 و G5 از استان گرگان، Kh1، Kh5 و Kh7 از استان خوزستان و Ker1 از استان کرمانشاه و سه توده حساس G9، Kh3 و Ker1 از سه استان بالا، تحت تأثیر دزهای مختلف علف‌کش‌های مذکور قرار گرفتند. نتایج بخش اول نشان داد که در بیش از 80 درصد مزارع مورد بررسی توالی علف‌کش‌ها رعایت نشده بود و در نزدیک به 39 درصد مزارع مورد مطالعه، گندم به صورت تک کشتی بود. همچنین استان خوزستان با 50 درصد تک کشتی گندم ضعیف‌ترین تناوب را داشت. نتایج بخش دوم نشان داد که در مزارع مورد مطالعه حدود 20 درصد توده‌ها نسبت به علف‌کش تری بنورون متیل و حدود 10 درصد توده‌ها نسبت به علف‌کش مت‌سولفورون‌متیل+سولفوسولفورون مقاوم بودند ولی مقاومت بالا به علف‌کش یدوسولفورون‌متیل‌سدیم+مزوسولفورون‌متیل+مفن‌پایر‌دی‌اتیل مشاهده نشد. همچنین ده درصد توده‌ها به دو علف‌کش تری بنورون متیل و مت‌سولفورون‌متیل+سولفوسولفورون مقاوم بودند. بر اساس نتایج آزمایش دز-پاسخ سه توده G3، G4، G5 (هر سه از گلستان) و Kh7 (خوزستان) دارای مقاومت پایین، توده Ker2 (کرمانشاه) دارای مقاومت متوسط و دو توده Kh1 و Kh5 (هر دو از خوزستان) دارای مقاومت بالا به تری بنورون متیل و توده‌های Kh5، Kh7 (هر دو از خوزستان) و G3 (گلستان) به ترتیب دارای مقاومت بالا، مقاومت متوسط و مقاومت پایین به مت‌سولفورون‌متیل+سولفوسولفورون بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Resistance of Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Populations to Acetolactate Synthase Inhibiting Herbicides in Wheat Fields of Khoozestan, Gorgan and Kermanshah Provinces

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Lotfifar 1
  • Iraj Alahdadi 2
  • Eskandar Zand 3
  • Gholam Abbas Akbari 2
چکیده [English]

To study the resistance of wild musturd populations to acetolactate synthase inhibitors, 31 suspicious wheat fields to resistance (included of 14, 12 & 5 fields located in Golestan, Khoozestan & Keramanshah, respectively) were studied during 2012. Some important management information was analyzed in the first part of experiment. In the second part, the effect of three acetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicides (ALS) including of Tribenuron methyl (Granstar), sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron-methyl (Total) and Iodosulfuron methyl sodium+Mesosulfuron Methyl+Mephen payer (Atlantis) on the growth of suspicious populations was examined on the base of complete randomized block design. To study dose-response reactions, different doses of mentioned herbicides were sprayed on resistant populations (G3, G4 & G5 of Gorgan, Kh1, Kh5 & Kh7 of Khoozestan and Ker1 of Kermanshah) and three sensitive populations (G9, Kh3 & Ker1 of mentioned province) in the third part of this experiment. According to the results of the first part, the only crop sequence of herbicides was not observed in more than 80% of the fields and wheat was cropped as in 39% of these fields. In addition, Khoozestan had the weakest crop rotation with 50% single cropping. The results of second part showed that 20% and 10% of populations were resistant to Tribenuron methyl and sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron-methyl respectively, but, high resistance to Iodosulfuron methyl sodium+Mesosulfuron Methyl+Mephen payer. Also, 10% of populations were resistant to Tribenuron methyl and sulfosulfuron+metsulfuron-methyl. According to the results of dose-response experiment, G3, G4, G5 (Golestan) and Kh7 (Khoozestan) populations had low, Ker2 (Kermanshah) had medium and two populations of Kh1 and Kh5 (Khoozestan) had high resistance to Tribenuron methyl. In addition, Kh5, Kh7 (Khoozestan) and G3 (Golestan) had low, medium and high resistance to sulfosulfuron+ metsulfuron-methyl, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dose-response
  • Iodosulfuron methyl sodium+ Mesosulfuron Methyl+Mephen payer
  • Metsulfuron-methyl+ Sulfosulfuron and Tribenuron methyl
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