Effect of different levels of nitrogen and rimsulfuron herbicide on weeds control and Potato (Solanum tuberosum) yield

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Plant Protection Expert Agricultural Jahad Organization Kerman south

2 Faculty Member of Plant Protection Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.,

3 esearch Scientist Weed Research Department Plant Protection Research Institute P.O.Box 1454 Tehran 19395 Iran

4 Tehran.Iran.4- Department of Agronomy university of Mohaghegh Ardabili

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and rimsulfuron herbicide interactions on weeds density and biomass and potato yield, a field study was conducted as a factorial experiment on the randomized complete block design with 3 replications in South Kerman Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Jiroft. The treatments included rimsulfuron 25%DF application at five levels (0, 30, 40, 50 and 60 g ha-1) and nitrogen fertilizer as urea 46 at 4 levels (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg ha-1). Weed densities was measured 30 days after spraying and weed biomass and potato yield were measured at the end of the growing season. The results showed that rimsulfuron and nitrogen fertilizer had significant effects on density and biomass of all weeds (Digera muricata (L.) Mart., Echinochloa colonum L., Chenopodium murale L., Malva parviflora L. and Portulaca oleracea L.). weed density and biomass decreased significantly, when rimsulfuron increased. In the absence of rimsulfuron, using the nitrogen increased weed density and dry weight. However, application of nitrogen fertilizer and imsulfuron decreased weeds density and biomass. Application of 50 and 60 g ha-1 rimsulfuron plus 180 kg ha-1 nitrogen was the best treatment for reducing the density and biomass of weeds and increasing yield of potato by 91 (35.9 T ha-1) and 92% (36.38 T ha-1), compared to the control treatment, respectively.

Keywords


Anonymous.2018. Statistics on agriculture. 2016-2017 Crop growing season. Ministry of agriculture, department of planning & economic, information and communication technology center. Volume 1.page 75. (In persian)
Bangarwa, S.K., Norsworthy, J.K., Jha, P. and Malik, M. 2008. Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) management in organic crop production system. Weed Sci. 56 (4): 606-613.
Chase, C.A., Sinclair, T.R. and Locascio, S.J. 1999. Effects of soil temperature and tuber depth on (Cyperus spp.) control. Weed Sci. 47: 467–472.
Das, T.K and Yaduraju, N.T. 2008. Effect of soil solarization and crop husbandry practices on weed species competition and dynamics in soybean-wheat cropping system. Indian. J. Weed Sci. 40 (1&2): 1-5.
Edenfield, M.W., Brecke, B.J., Colvin, D.L. Dusky, J.A. and Shilling, D.G. 2005. Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) control with glyphosate in soybean and cotton. Weed Technol. 19: 947-953.
Gill, H.K., McSorley, R. and Treadwell, D.D. 2009. Comparative performance of different plastic films for soil solarization and weed suppression. Hort. Technol. 19(4): 769-773.
Gill, H.K and McSorley, R. 2010. Integrated impact of soil solarization and organic mulching on weed, insects, nematodes, and plant performance. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 123: 308-311.
Glaze, N.C. 1987. Cultural and mechanical manipulation of Cyperus spp. Weed Technol. 1: 82-83.
Gonzale, T.R., Agndo., B.M., Lopez, M.G. and Zaragoza, L.C. 1992. Integrated use of solarization and glyphosate in the control of (Cyperus rotundus). Proceedings of the Congress Spanish. Weed Sci. Soc. 337-340.
Grichar, W.J and Sestak, D.C. 2000. Effect of adjuvants on control of nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus and C. rotundus) by imazapic and imazethapyr. Crop Prot. 19: 461-465.
Herrmann., C., Margaret, M., Goll., A., Phillippo, C.J. and Zandstra, B.H. 2017. Post-emergence weed control in onion with bentazon, flumioxazin, and oxyfluorfen. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 1-12.
Holm, L.G., Plucknett, D.L., Pancho, J.V. and Herberger, J.P. 1977. The World’s Worst Weeds. Distribution and Biology. Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing. 125–133 pp.
Horowitz, M., Regev, Y. and Herzlinger. G. 1983. Solarization for weed control. Weed Sci. 31:170–179.
Iqbal, J., Hussain, S., Ali, A. and Javaid, A. 2012. Biology and management of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus). J. Animal Plant Sci. 22(2): 384-389.
Johnson, W.C. and Mullinix, B.G. 2002. Weed management in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and cantaloupe (Cucumis melo) transplanted on polyethylene-covered seedbeds. Weed Technol. 16: 860–866.
Jordan-Molero, J.E. and Stoller, E.W. 1978. Seasonal development of yellow and purple nutsedges (Cyperus esculentus and C. rotundus) in Illinois. Weed Sci. 26: 614-618.
Kumar, N. and Mourya. I.B. 2006. Effect of different herbicides on growth and efficacy for weed control in onion (Allium cepa L.). Seed crop. Ann. Agric. Res., 27:245-49.
Kumar, U. 2014. Weed management studies in onion (Allium cepa L.). Asian J. Hort. 9(2): 426-30.
Michael, W., Edenfield., B., Brecke, J., Daniel, L., Joan, C., Dusky, A. and Shilling D.G. 2005. Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Control with Glyphosate in Soybean and Cotton. Weed Technol. 19: 947–953.
Miles, J.E., Kawabata, O. and Nishimoto, R.K. 2002. Modeling purple sprouting under soil solarization. Weed Sci. 50: 64–71.
Mohamadinejad, G. 2007. Investigation of chemical control of nutsedge (Cyprus sp.) in onion farms calture in Jiroft region. Islamic Azad University of Mashhad. Thesis msc. 19p.
Nem pal singh. A.K., Dvaj, B., kumar, A. and Singh K.M. 2006. Modern technology vegetable production.  1th edn. Champing I. Islamic Azad University of Tabriz press. 631 pp.
Orkwor, G C. 1983. Effect of herbicides on the agronomic characters that control bulb yield. Hort. Absts. 53(5): 3254.
Panse, R., Gupta, A., Jain, P.K., Sasode, D.S. and sharma, S. 2014. Efficacy of different herbicides against weed flora in onion. Indus. J. Biol. Sci., 3:678-84.
Patrico, F.R.A., Singagalia, C., Barros., B.C., Fretias, S.S., Neto, T.J. and Ghini, R. 2006. Solarization and fungicides for control of drop bottom rot and weeds in lettuce. Crop Prot. 25: 31-38.
Roozkhosh, M. 2013. Comparing the tuber response of different purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) populations to high temperatures, burial depth and solarization. Uiversity of Birjand. Thesis msc.4p.
Siriwardana, G. and Nishimoto, R.K. 1987. Propagules of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) in soil. Weed Technol. 1: 217-220.
Tel, F. Scaife, A. and Aikman, D.P. 1996. Growth of lettuce, onion, and red beet. 2: Growth modeling. Ann. Bot. 78:129-143.
Webster, T.M. 2003. High temperatures and durations of exposure reduce nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) tuber viability. Weed Sci. 51: 1010–1015.