Critical time of cutting after fruit development to prevent germination of Swallow wort (Cynanchum acutum) seeds

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Swallow-wort (Cynanchum acutum) has aggressively infested sugarcane fields in the recent years. Understanding seed germination behavior of this weed will save time to control. In this investigation, germination of seeds was studied at five fruit cutting time with two weeks intervals at 14 to 70 days after fruiting (DAF) at five temperature levels (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50°C) in Sugarcane research and Training Institute in 2017. The results showed that swallow-wort seeds were not able to germinate until the 14 DAF. From the 42 DAF, germination rate showed increasing trend and reached its highest value (19.70 seeds per day) at 56 DAF. At the same time, the highest germination of swallow-wort seeds was 97% at temperature of approximately 30°C. Fitting the segmented model to the germination rate data, the minimum, optimum and maximum germination temperature of mature seeds were 18.1, 32.6, and 57°C, respectively. Seeds from fruit at 28 and 42 DAF required higher temperature to germination that showed decreasing trend with increasing the days from formation to complete ripened fruit. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to plan to use different control methods such as removal of the above ground organs as a management strategy and up to the second week after swallow-wort fruiting, to prevent seeds production with germination ability.

Keywords


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