Effect of planting density and imaztapir dose on weed control in the intercropping of standing and climbing red bean cultivars

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of planting density and application of reduced herbicide doses in optimizing weed control and management in intercropping of red bean cultivars, a split-split plot experiment was conducted in 2016 at the Research Farm of the University of Tehran. Main plots were herbicide doses of imaztapir at five levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended dose of herbicide and a weed free plot as the control) , sub plots were different bean planting densities (40, 50 and 60 plants per square meter), and pure and mixed cultivation system of standing and climbing cultivar were assigned to sub-sub-plots. The results showed that the interaction effects of herbicide application and cultivation system and herbicide application and planting density were significant on bean dry weight and yield. Also increasing herbicide dose and plant density increased bean dry weight and yield and decreased weed dry weight and density. Mixed cropping in combination to reduced doses was effective in decreasing weed density and increasing bean biomass, while, with doses greater than 50% of the recommmended dose, increasing density was more effective in weed control; therefore to reduce the environmental and economic costs of chemical control, increasing plant density and mixed cropping that allow reduced doses of herbicides are recommended.

Keywords

References

Agegnehu, G., Ghizaw, A. and Sinebo, W. 2006. Yield performance and land use efficiency of barley and faba bean mixed cropping in Ethiopian highlands. Euro. J. Agron. 25:202-207.
Aguyoh, J.N. and Masiunas, J.B. 2003. Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) with snap beans. Weed Sci. 51: 202-207.
Ahmadi, A. & Rostami, M. 2019. Floristic study of weed species in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) fields of Azna. Iranian J. Pulses Res. 9(1): 43-56.
Alford, C.M., Kral, J.M. and Miller, D.S. 2003. Intercropping irrigated corn with annual legumes for forage in the high plains. Agron. J. 95: 520-525.
Amador-Ramirez M.D., Wilson R.G. and Martin A.R. 2002. Effect of in-row cultivation, herbicides, and dry bean canopy on weed seedling emergence. Weed Sci. 50:370-377.
Amador-Ramirez, M.D., Wilson, R.G. and Martin, A.R. 2001. Weed control and dry bean (Phaseolusvulgaris) response to in-row cultivation, rotary hoeing and herbicides. Weed Technol. 15: 429-436.
Amini, R. 2008. Investigating the competitive potential of red bean cultivars at different weed densities of Amaranthus retroflexus. Final Report. Tehran University. 208 Pp.
Amini, R., Pejgan, H. and Dabagh Mohammadi, A. 2013. Investigating the competitive power of different bean genotypes against Weeds. Iranian J. Agric. Res. 12(3): 491-501. (In Persian).
Arnold, N.R., Murray, W.M., Gregory, J.E. and Smeal, D. 1993. Weed control in pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) with imazethapyr combinations.Weed Technol. 7:361–364.
Baghestani, M.A. 2009. Competitive strength of rival varieties of different densities of non-competing wheat in wheat and turnip. Final Report of the Research Project, Registration number 1118/86, Weed Research Division Research Institute Country Giahpezeshki. p. 131.
Banik, P., Midya, A. Sarkar, B.K. and Ghose, S. S. 2006. Wheat and chickpea intercropping systems in an additive series experiment: Advantages and weed smothering. Europ. J. Agron. 24: 325-332.
Barros, J.F., Basch, G. & de Carvalho, M. 2008. Effect of reduced doses of a post-emergence graminicide to control Avena sterilis. L. and Lolium rigidum .G. in no-till wheat under Mediterranean environment. Crop Prod. 27(6): 1031-1037.
Blackshaw, R.E., O’Donovan, J., Harker, T.K.N., Clayton, G.W. and Stougaard, R.N. 2006. Reduced herbicide doses in field crops: A review. Weed Biol. Manag. 6:10–17.
Blackshaw, R.E., Semach, G., Li, X., O'Donovan, J.T. & Harker, K.N. 1999. An integrated weed management approach to managing foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum) in conservation tillage systems. Weed Technol. 347-353.
Hart, S.E., Wax, L.M. and Hager, A.G. 1997. Comparison of total postemergence weed control programs in soybean. J. Prod. Agric. 10: 136-141.
Lack, M.R., Dori, H.R., Ramezani, M.K. and Hadizadeh, M.H. 2006. Determine the critical period of weed control bean. J. Sci. Technol. Agric.  Nat. Resour. 3: 125-128.
Liebman, M. & Dyck, E. 1993. Crop rotation and intercropping strategies for weed management. Ecol. appl. 1: 92-122.
Ritz, C. and Streibig, J.C. 2005. Bioassay analysis using R. J. Stat Software. 12:1–22
Soltani, N., Gillard, C.L., Swanton, C.J., Shropshire, C. and Sikkema, P.H. 2008. Response of white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to imazethapyr. Crop Prod. 27: 672-677.
Steinmaus, S. and Norris, R.F. 2002. Growth analysis and canopy architecture of velvetleaf grown under light conditions representative of irrigated Mediterranean-type agroecosystems. Weed Sci. 50: 42-53.
Teasdale, J.R. 1992. Influence of corn (Zea mays) population and row spacing on corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) yield. Weed Sci. 46: 447-453.
Vandermeer, J., Van Noordwijk, M. Anderson, J. Ong, C. and Perfecto, I. 1998. Global change and multi-species agroecosystems: Concepts and issues. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 67: 1–22.
Wilson, R.G. and Miller, S.D. 1991. Dry edible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) responses to imazethapyr. Weed Technol. 5:22–26.
Yadegari, M. and Barzegar, R. 2008. Organic Bean Farming. Shahrekord Azad University Press. 168 Pp. (In Persian).
 
Iranian Journal of Weed Science
Volume 17, Issue 1
May 2021
Pages 43-56

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics