Roll of chemical and biological degradation in nicosulfuron herbicide persistence in the soil under controlled conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Plant Protection Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Darab, Iran.

2 Department of Agrotechnology- Faculty of Agriculture -Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

3 Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

4 Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute, Iran.

5 Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran

6 Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Abstract

Nicosulfuron belongs to the group of herbicides that has soil residue and its residue in the soil cause damage to sensitive crops in the crop rotation. To study the roll of chemical and biological degradation in nicosulfuron herbicide persistence in the soil under controlled conditions, an experiment was carried out in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications during 2015-2016. The first factor was sterile and non-sterile conditions of soil and fertilizer; the second factor included the application of organic and bio-fertilizers at four levels of cow manure, vermicompost, mycorrhiza (2 % w/w) and control treatment without fertilizer and the third factor included incubating periods at eight levels (0, 4, 8, 16, 35, 50, 80, 100 days). The results showed that nicosulfuron degradation was chemical hydrolysis under sterile conditions and biodegradation and chemical hydrolysis under non sterile conditions. Nicosulfuron degradation rate was not significant different in control treatment (without organic fertilizers application) under sterile and non-sterile fertilizer and soil conditions, but increased with application of organic and bio-fertilizers.  and Herbiced residue was deacresed with application of organic and bio-fertilizers. The lowest residue rate was obtained from the application of cow manure under non-sterile (0.01 mg/kg/ day) and sterile 0.03 mg/kg/ day) conditions. The highest and the lowest degradation rate were observed in the cow manure treatment under non-sterile conditions (0.044 mg/kg/ day) and control treatment under sterile conditions (0.018 mg/kg/ day). Also the lowest and the highest half-life was 15.33 and 38.5 day, obtained from the application of cow manure under non-sterile conditions respectively. According to the results, chemical hydrolysis and biodegradation had effective role in nicosulfuron degradation.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Weed Science
Volume 17, Issue 2
September 2021
Pages 99-110

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