Effect of Nitrogen Rate and Corn Density on Weed Management under Stale Seedbed System

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen and plant density on weed population in corn under stale seedbed planting system. This study was done in the farm of Agriculture College of Tehran University in 2010. The experiment was done in complete block design with three replications. Main plot consisted of stale seedbed and conventional seedbed preparation. Subplots consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 270, 325 and 380 kg ha-1) × 3 corn densities (7, 8 and 9 plants m-2). Results showed conventional seedbed had the highest biomass of weeds at 7 plants m-2 and 325 kg N ha-1. At this treatment, stale seedbed could decrease the weed biomass by more than 96.6%. In general, stale seedbed resulted in higher values of corn growth characteristics i.e. plant biomass, height, leaf area index. Using stale seedbed, the treatment of 380 N kg ha-1 + 9 corn plants m-2 had the highest corn biomass and grain yield.In general, stale seedbed system in corn production can be as a useful tool to better manage the weeds, improve corn growth.

Keywords

References

Begna, S. H., Hamilton, R. I., Dwyer, L. M., Stewart, D.W., Cloutier, D., Assemat, L., Foroutan-pour K. and Smith, D. L. 2001. Morphology and yield response to weed pressure by corn hybrids differing in canopy architecture. Eur. J. Agron. 14:293–302.
Boyed, N. S. and Brennan, E. B. 2006. Burning nettle, common purslane, and rye response to a clove oil herbicide. Weed Technol. 20: 646–650.
Boyd, N. S., Brennan, E. B. and Fennimore, S. A. 2006. Stale seedbed techniques for organic vegetable production. Weed Technol. 20:1052-1057.
Buhler, D. D. and Mester, T. C. 1991. Effect of tillage systems on the emergence depth of giant (Setaria faberi) and green foxtail (Setearia viridis). Weed Sci. 39:200–203.
Cakir, R. 2004. Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops Res. 89:1–16.
Caldwell, B. and Mohler, C. L. 2001. Stale seedbed practices for vegetable production. Hort. Sci. 36:703–705.
Evans, S. P., Knezevic, S. Z., Lindquist, J. L. and Shapiro, C. A. 2003. Influences the critical period for weed control in corn. Weed Sci. 51:546-556.
Farhangfar, M., Saydi, H., Entesari, M., Rahimian, H. and Moghaddam, H. 2012. Evaluation of chemical weed management on two varieties of red beans in stale seedbed system. Iranian J. of Weed Sci. 8: 101-110. (In Persian with English summary).
Forcella, F. 2013. Short- and full-season soybean in stale seedbeds versus rolled-crimped winter rye mulch. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems: pp. 1-8
Kebreab, E. and Murdoch, A. J. 2001. Simulation of integrated control strategies for Orobanche spp. based on a life cycle model. Exp. Agric. 37:37–51.
Kropff, M. J., Wallinga, J. and Lotz, L. A. P. 1996. Weed population dynamics. In: Proceedings Second International Weed Control Congress Copenhagen, pp. 3–14.
Liu, J. G., Mahoney, K. J., Sikkema, P. H. and Swanton, C. J. 2009. The importance of light quality in crop–weed competition. Weed Res. 49:217–224.
Mclachlan, S. M., Tollenaar, M., Swanton, C. J. and Weise, S. F. 1993. Effect of corn induced shading on dry matter accumulation distribution and architecture of red root pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Sci. 41: 569-573.
Mohseni, M. 1998. Effects of plant density on yield and yield components of maize hybrids SC 704 and SC 604 in Ghaemshahr station. Thesis of M.Sc., University of Tabriz, Iran. 105 p. (In Persian with English Summary).
Mulder, T. A. and Doll, J. D. 1993. Integrating Reduced Herbicide Use with Mechanical Weeding in Corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 7: 382- 388.
Oveisi, M. 2010. Modeling herbicide dose effect and multiple weed species interference in corn. PhD dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. 197 p. (In Persian with English Summary).
Perera, K. K., Ayres, P. G. and Guansena, H. P. M. 1992. Root growth and the relative importance of root and shoot competition in interactions between rice (Oryza Sativa) and Echinochola crus-galli. Weed Res. 32:67-76.
Rajcan, I. and Tollenaar, M. 1999. Source: sink ratio and leaf Senescence in maize. Dry matter accumulation and partitioning during grain filling. Field Crops Res. 60:245-253.
Rajcan, I. and Swanton, C. J. 2001. Understanding maize–weed competition: resource competition, light quality and the whole plant. Field Crops Res. 71:139–150.
Rajcan, I., Chandler, K. J. and Swanton, C. J. 2004. Red-far-red ratio of reflected light: a hypothesis of why early season weed control is important in corn. Weed Sci. 52:774–778.
Rostami, R., Meighani, F., Zand, E. and Zargar, M. 2011. Evaluation of integrated weed management in corn (Zea mays L.). 4th Iranian Weed Science Congress, Ahwaz, 1027.(In Persian with English summary).
Swantom, C. J. and Weise, S. F. 1991. Integrated weed management: the rationale and approach. Weed Technol. 5: 657-663.
Teasdale, J. R. 1995. Influence of narrow/high population corn (Zea mays L.) on weed control and light transmittance. Weed Technol. 9:113–118.
Tollenaar, M., Aguilera, A. and Nissanka, S. P. 1997. Grain yield is reduced more by weed interference in an old than in a new maize hybrid. Agron. J. 89: 239-246.
Tollenaar, M., Dibo, A. A., Weise, S. F. and Swanton, C. J. 1994. Effect of corn density on weed interference in an old than in a new maze. Agron. J. 86: 591-595.
Zand, E., Baghestani, M. A., Nezamabadi, N. and Shimi, P. 2012. Herbicides and weeds of Iran. University Press 143.( In Persian with English summary).
Zare, A. Rahimian, H. and Alizade, H. 2009. Evaluation of interaction between fertilizer rates and herbicide doseage on corn weeds control. Thesis of M.Sc., University of Tehran, Iran. 145 p. (In Persian with English Summary).
Zarepoor, M., Madandoust, M. and Naraki, F. 2011. Interactions of poisoning methods and nitrogen levels on grain yield and its components of (Zea mays L.). 4th Iranian Weed Science Congress, Ahwaz, 1363. (In Persian with English Summary).
 
Iranian Journal of Weed Science
Volume 9, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
September 2013
Pages 55-64

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics