بررسی کارایی علف‌کش‌های مختلف در کنترل علف‌های‌هرز یونجه در شهرکرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد‌یار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهار محال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد

2 دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه گیاهپزشکی کشور، بخش تحقیقات علف‌های‌هرز، تهران.

چکیده

علف‌های‌هرز پهن‌برگ، خسارت قابل توجهی به یونجه تازه‌کاشت وارد می‌نمایند. به‌منظور ارزیابی کارایی تعدادی از علف­کش‌ها در کنترل علف­های‌هرز پهن­برگ مزارع یونجه تازه‌کاشت، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با هشت تیمار و چهار تکرار درایستگاه چهارتخته مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری ( شهرکرد) اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل پنج لیتر در هکتار اپتام (ارادیکان 82 درصد EC) ، 750 گرم در هکتار متری‌بیوزین (سنکور 70 درصد WP) ، سه و سه نیم لیتر در هکتار توفوردی­بی (بوترس 3/42 درصد) ، سه لیتر در هکتار بنتازون (بازاگران 48 درصدSL ) ، نیم و یک لیتر در هکتار ایمازتاپیر (پرسوئیت 10 درصد SL)  به همراه 200 میلی‏لیتر سیتوگیت و شاهد بدون کنترل علف­‌هرز بودند. نتایج نشان داد که یک ‌لیتر اﯾﻤﺎزﺗﺎﭘﯿﺮ در هکتار با بیشترین کارایی طی سه چین یونجه، تراکم علف‌های هرز سوزن‌چوپان، غربیلک و گاو‌زبان را 83 تا 5/89 درصد و وزن ‌خشک آن‌ها را 5/82 تا 6/97 درصد کاهش داد. همچنین بیشترین افزایش وزن ‌خشک یونجه طی چین‌های اول و سوم، تحت تاثیر یک لیتر ایمازتاپیر در هکتار به میزان 9/53 تا 1/87 درصد و در چین دوم، تحت تاثیر  5/3 لیتر توفوردی‏بی در هکتار، 4/90 درصد مشاهده شد. در مجموع، علف‌کش یک لیتر ایمازتاپیر در هکتار، علف‌های‌هرز را به نحو مطلوبی کنترل کرد و به دلیل دوز مصرف پایین و کاهش اثرات نامطلوب زیست‌محیطی، علف‌کش مناسبی برای مزارع یونجه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy of different herbicides in controlling of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) weeds in Shahr-e-kord

نویسندگان [English]

  • Delavar Behrouzi 1
  • Fariba Meighani 2
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources ResearchCenter, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Broadleaf weeds cause serious damages in the new established alfalfa fields.In order to evaluate the efficacy of some herbicides in controlling broadleaf weeds in newly planted alfalfa fields,an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 8 treatments and 4 replications in Chahar takhteh station of Research and Education Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Shahr-e-kord) during the summer of 2013-2014. Treatments were Eptam (Eradicane EC 82%) dose 5 Lha-1, metribuzin (Sencor WP 70%) dose 750 gha-1, 2,4-DB (Butress EC 42.3%) doses 3 and 3.5 Lha-1, bentazon (Bazagran SL 48%) dose 3 Lha-1, imazethapyr (Pursuit SL 10%) doses 0.5 and 1 Lha-1 (with 200 ml citogit), and control (weed infested).The results showed that the highest efficiency was observed in 1 L imazethapyr ha-1 that on average, in all three harvesting, the density and biomass of shepherd needle, nettle and bogloss was decreased 83 to 89.5% and 82.5.to 97.6%, respectively. Also 1 L imazethapyr ha-1 resulted the highest alfalfa biomass in the first and third harvesting of  (53.9 to 87.1%),and in the second harvesting, 3.5 L 2,4-DB (Butress EC 42.3%) ha-1 resulted in the highest alfalfa biomass (90.4%). Overall, imazethapyr controlled weeds well and it was a suitable herbicide for alfalfa fields due to low dose and reduction of adverse environmental effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alfalfa harvesting
  • broad leaf weed
  • imazethapyr
  • 2
  • 4-DB

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 17، شماره 1
فروردین 1400
صفحه 85-99

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