تأثیر برخی گیاهان تله در کاهش خسارت گل جالیز (Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers.) در گوجه‌فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد

2 محقق

چکیده

بمنظور بررسی تاثیر چند گیاه تله روی کاهش خسارت گل جالیز (Orobanche aegyptiaca) در گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی آزمایشی گلدانی به مدت دو سال (1387 و 1388) در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در بخش تحقیقاتی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه تهران انجام شد. در سال اول 7 گیاه تله سیر، شبدر برسیم، کنجد، ماش، کتان، پنبه و لوبیا چشم بلبلی در گلدان‌های آلوده به بذر گل جالیز کشت شده و بعد از رسیدن به اواخر دوره رشد برداشت شدند. خاک گلدان‌ها تا زمان انتقال نشاء گوجه‌فرنگی به داخل آنها در فضای آزاد نگهداری شد. در سال دوم نشاهای گوجه‌فرنگی در مرحله 4 تا 6 برگی، به این گلدان‌ها منتقل شدند. صفات مورد ارزیابی گوجه‌فرنگی شامل وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه، تعداد میوه و عملکرد آن و در مورد گل جالیز وزن خشک اندام هوایی و زیر زمینی، تعداد ساقه هوایی و گرهک زیرزمینی بود. نتایج نشان داد که کنجد، کتان و لوبیا چشم بلبلی به ترتیب 6/98، 2/75 و 4/74 درصد باعث کاهش وزن خشک گل جالیز و 100، 5/83 و 9/50 درصد باعث کاهش تعداد ساقه هوایی گل جالیز نسبت به شاهد بدون گیاه تله شدند که این کاهش گل جالیز منجر به افزایش عملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی شد. پس می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که این گیاهان دارای پتانسیل کاهش خسارت گل جالیز  می‌باشند و می‌توان از آنها در زمین‌های آلوده به گل جالیز در تناوب استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Some Traps Crops on Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers.) Damage Reduction in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • sirwan babaei 1
  • hassan alizadeh 2
  • mohammad jahansuoz 2
  • hamid rahimian mashahadi 2
  • mehdi minbashi moeini 2
چکیده [English]

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of some trap crop on Egyptian broomrape damage reduction in tomato. A randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out in Agronomy Faculty, University of Tehran, Karaj, during 2008 & 2009. In the first year, seven trap crops including Egyptian clover, sesame, mungbean common Flax, garlic, cotton, and black-eyed pea were cultivated in pots and harvested at the end of the season. In the next year tomato transplants were cultivated in the same pots and after two months, pots were evaluated.  Shoot and root weight of tomato, weight and number of tomato fruit, stem and tuber dry weight of broom rape, number of stems and tubers of broomrape were measured. Results showed that sesame, common flax and Black-eyed pea had the most significant decrease in broomrape dry weight separately 98.6, 75.2, and 74.4 percent and number of broomrape stems respectively 100, 83.5 and 50.9 compared to without trap crop treatment and subsequently caused increasing in tomato yield. These plants have the great potential to broomrape damage reduction and can be used in rotation in infested soils with broomrape seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Broomrape
  • trap crop
  • Tomato
  • Sesame
  • common flax
  • Black-eyed pea

مراجع

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