بررسی اثر عوامل مختلف محیطی بر جوانه¬زنی بذر بادبُر(Ceratocarpus arenarius

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

بادبُر یکی از علف‌های‌هرز سمج در دیم‌زارهای گندم، جو، عدس و نخود شمال خراسان است.  به منظور شناخت تیمارهای موثر در شکستن خواب و تعیین اثرات نور، دما و pH بر قابلیت جوانه‌زنی این علف‌هرز، آزمایشاتی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال 1388 انجام گرفت.  نتایج نشان داد که به جز تیمار حذف پوستۀ بذر (پریکارپ) با دست و اسیدسولفوریک 96% سایر تیمارها تأثیر قابل ملاحظه‌ای در شکستن خواب بذر علف‌هرز بادبر نداشتند، که مؤید این نکته است که پوسته‌ی بذر (پریکارپ)، مکانیسم اولیه‌ی خواب بذر این علف‌هرز می‌باشد.  بذر بادبر در شرایط روشنایی/تاریکی و تاریکی مداوم، جوانه‌زنی یکسانی داشتند که نشانگر غیرفتوبلاستیک بودن این گونه است.  بذر بادبر در دامنه دماهای متناوب شب/روز تست شده (5/10، 10/20، 15/25، 20/30 و 25/35 درجه سانتی‌گراد) بیش از 35% جوانه زدند و حداکثر جوانه‌زنی (6/96 درصد) در دمای متناوب 15/25 درجه سانتی‌گراد مشاهده شد.  جوانه‌زنی بذر بادبر در دامنه اسیدیته چهار تا ده بطور متوسط حدود 80% بود.  بیشترین جوانه‌زنی (6/96%) در pH هشت و کمترین جوانه‌زنی (45%) در pH چهار رخ داد.  اطلاعات این مطالعه برای بهبود برنامه‌های مدیریتی این گونه علف‌هرز مفید خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Studying the Effect of Different Environmental Factors on Germination of (Ceratocarpus arenarius L. Bluk) Seed.

نویسندگان [English]

  • esmail Ebrahimi
  • vahid eslami
  • majed Jami Ahmadi
  • sohrab mohmoodi
چکیده [English]

Ceratocarpus arenarius is one of the problematic and noxious weeds in dryland farming of wheat, barley, lentil and peas in North Khorasan. In order to identify the effective treatments in dormancy breaking and determine the effects of light, temperature and pH on germination of this species, experiments based on CRD with 3 replications were conducted in the Research Laboratory of Birjand Faculty of Agriculture during 2009. Results showed that, all treatments except pericarp removal by hand and sulfuric acid (96%) had no considerable effect on dormancy breaking, indicating that the pericarp is responsible for Ceratocarpus seed dormancy. Ceratocarpus seed had identical germination in either light/dark or continuous dark regimes, indicating this weed species is non-photoblastic. Ceratocarpus seed germinated over 35% in the range of alternating day/night tested temperatures (10/5, 20/10, 25/15, 30/20 and 35/25ºC) and the maximum germination (96.6%) was observed at 25/15ºC. Ceratocarpus average germination percentage was about 80% over a pH range of 4 to 10. The maximum and minimum germination occurred at pH 8 (96.6%) and pH 4 (45%), respectively. The information of this study would be useful for the improvement of this weed species management programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ceratocarpus
  • Seed Dormancy
  • Germination
  • alternating temperature
  • acidity

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