بررسی تراکم و غالبیت علف های هرز مزارع جو استان آذربایجان شرقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد

2 استاد دانشگاه تهران

3 محقق

چکیده

به منظور شناسایی و تعیین تراکم و غالبیت علف های هرز مزارع جو در استان آذربایجان شرقی، 80 مزرعه جو در 19 شهرستان استان در سال های 1388-1387 بررسی شد. در مجموع، تعداد 219 گونه علف هرز از 36 خانواده گیاهی در مزارع جو استان شناسایی شد. 107 گونه در بیش از سه شهرستان و 120 گونه در بیش از سه مزرعه از مزارع جو استان حضور داشتند. از نظر تراکم، شهرستان های قره آغاج،‌ مراغه و ملکان به ترتیب با 82/20، 17/22 و 18/22 بوته در مترمربع کمترین و شهرستان های ورزقان، سراب و بناب بترتیب با 77/91، 61/85 و 97/82 بوته در مترمربع بیشترین تراکم علف‌های هرز را داشتند. از 219 گونه شناسایی شده، 116 گونه (97/52%) به چهار خانواده کاسنی (Asteraceae)، شب بو (Brassicaceae)، گرامینه (Poaceae) و بقولات (Fabaceae) تعلق داشتند. این چهار خانواده به ترتیب با 42، 30، 24 و 20 گونه بیشترین تنوع در مزارع جو در سطح استان را داشتند. از نظر شاخص وفور (AI)، علف‌های هرز هفت بند (Polygonum aviculare)، پیچک صحرائی (Convolvulus arvensis) و بی تی راخ (Gallium tricornutum) به ترتیب به عنوان علف های هرز غالب مزارع جو استان آذربایجان شرقی شناخته شدند. شهرستان های هشترود، کلیبر و جلفا به ترتیب با 93، 87 و 82 گونه بیشترین تنوع (غنای گونه‌ای) و شهرستان های ملکان، قره آغاج و عجب شیر به ترتیب با 10، 21 و 22 گونه کمترین تنوع را داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Survey of Density and Abundance for Barely Field’s Weeds in Azarbayjan – e- shargi province

نویسندگان [English]

  • sirous hasanejad 1
  • Hassan Alizade 2
  • valiolah mozaffarian 3
  • mohammad chayichi 3
  • mehdi minbashi moinni 3
چکیده [English]

In order to identify the density and abundance of weeds in barely fields of Azarbayjan-e-shargi Province, 80 fields in 19 towns for two years (2008-2009) were investigated. A total of 219 weed species from 36 families were observed within the barely fields. Among 219 species recorded, 107 species occurred in more than three township and 120 species occurred in more than three fields. Maximum weed densities were found in the Garaaghaj, Maragheh and Malekan with 20.82, 22.17 and 22.18 plant/m2, respectively and minimum in the Varzagan, Sarab, and Bonab with 91.77,85.61 and 82.97 plant/ m2, respectively. The 116 species of 219 species belonging to four major families, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, and Fabaceae, with 42, 30, 24, and 20 species, respectively. Prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), and threehorned straw (Gallium tricornutum) were dominant species based on a abundance index (AI). Hashtrud, Kaleybar and Jolfa with 93, 87 and 82 species, respectively, had maximum diversity in weed community and Malekan, Garaaghaj and Ajabshir with 10, 21 and 22 species, respectively had minimum diversity

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abundance Index
  • Diversity
  • frequency
  • identification
  • Shannon- Viener Index
  • Uniformity

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