بهینه سازی میزان پسماند گندم و تراکم آفتابگردان در کنترل علف¬های¬هرز و رشد گیاه زراعی به¬ روش آنالیز پاسخ سطح

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد

2 استاد دانشگاه

چکیده

در کشاورزی ارگانیک استفاده از پسماند گیاهی همراه با تراکم بالای گیاه زراعی از طریق سرکوب علف‌های‌هرز تأثیر بسزایی در افزایش رشد گیاه دارد. برای به دست آوردن بهترین میزان پسماند گندم و تراکم آفتابگردان آزمایشی در سال زراعی 87-86 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند واقع در امیر آباد به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش عبارت بودند از: 5 میزان مختلف پسماند گندم شامل صفر،1250،2500، 3750، 5000 کیلوگرم در هکتار و سه تراکم آفتابگردان شامل 50 ،70 و90 هزار بوته در هر هکتار نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد بیشترین رشد گیاه زراعی و عملکرد دانه در تراکم 70 هزار بوته و میزان 3 هزار کیلو پسماند در هکتار بدست آمده است که در همین مقادیر، رشد علف هرز در کمترین مقدار خود بوده‌است. افزایش تراکم و پسماند به بیشتر از این مقادیر تأثیری در رشد گیاه زراعی نداشته و حتی در مواردی باعث کاهش رشد گیاه زراعی گردیده ‌است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of wheat residue rate and sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) density on weed control and crop growth using surface analysis regression method

نویسندگان [English]

  • mojtaba hosseini 1
  • gholamreza zamani 1
  • masud khazaei 2
  • hassan alizadeh 2
  • seyed v. eslami 1
چکیده [English]

A combination of plant residues and increased crop density would play an important role in enhancing crop growth through weed suppression in organic agriculture. In order to attain the best level of wheat residue amount and sunflower density, a factorial experiment based on RCBD with three replications was conducted at research field of the Faculty of Agriculture of Birjand University (Amirabaad campus) in 2008 growing season. Treatments were 5 different rates of wheat residue including 0, 250, 1250, 3750 and 5000 kg ha-1 and 3 sunflower densities including 50000, 70000 and 90000 plants ha-1. Results showed that the maximum crop growth as well as the lowest weed growth was observed at the density of 70000 plants ha-1 and 3000 kg ha-1 of wheat residue. Increasing crop density and residue amount to the levels above these limits would have no effect, or even in some cases reduce crop growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • residue
  • Density
  • Weed suppression
  • Surface analysis regression

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