اثر بستر بذر کاذب و تراکم کاشت ارقام مختلف گندم زمستانه بر کنترل چاودار (Secale cereale L. ) و عملکرد گندم زمستانه (Triticum aestivum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی چهارمحال و بختیاری، شهرکرد، بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی مشهد

3 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی اثرات بستر بذر کاذب بر کنترل علف‌هرز چاودار آزمایشی طی سال زراعی 93-1392 در قالب طرح اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در سه تکرار در شهرکرد اجرا شد.کرت‌ اصلی در سه سطح 1- کشت مرسوم گندم (خشکه کاری)، 2- آبیاری بعد از آماده کردن زمین و کنترل چاودار و سایر علف‌های‌هرز یک ماه پس از آبیاری با علف‌کش عمومی پاراکوات (مقدار 2 لیتر در هکتار از ماده تجارتی) و سپس کاشت گندم و 3- آبیاری بعد از آماده کردن زمین و سپس یک ماه بعد از آن خراش‌دهی (عملیات هرس) سطح خاک و سپس کاشت گندم، و کرت فرعی در نه سطح شامل فاکتوریل رقم در سه سطح (الوند، پیشگام و بک کراس روشن زمستانه) و تراکم کاشت در سه سطح (200، 250 و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) اجرا شد، نتایج نشان داد تیمار بستر کاذب و کاربرد علف‌کش باعث کاهش تراکم و زیست توده چاودار به ترتیب به میزان 7/67 و 9/74 درصد شد، رقم پیشگام باعث کاهش تراکم و زیست توده چاودار به ترتیب به میزان 9/36 و 7/18 درصد گردید و تراکم 200 کیلو‌گرم در هکتار تراکم و زیست توده چاودار را به ترتیب 3/24 و 4/22 درصد کاهش داد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک مربوط به روش تهیه بستر کاذب و کار برد علف‌کش پاراکوات به ترتیب 4206 و 3/8872 کیلو گرم در هکتار بود. بهترین روش تهیه بستر بذر، بستر بذر کاذب با کنترل شیمیایی علف‌های‌هرز با علف‌کش پاراکوآت، بهترین رقم پیشگام و بهترین تراکم کاشت، 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of false seedbed and sowing density of different winter wheat cultivars on rye (Secale cereale L.) control and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Delavar Behrouzi 1
  • Mehdi Rastgoo 2
  • mohammad ali baghestani 3
  • ghorbanali asadi 2
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources ResearchCenter, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of false seedbed preparation on rye (Secale cereale L.) control, an experiment was conducted during 2013 in Shahrekord. Experimental factors were arranged in split plot factorial design with three replications. The main plots included seed bed preparation at three levels: 1. conventional dry cultivation of wheat, 2. seedbed preparation, irrigation, weed control (including rye) with paraquqt (20% SL) at 2 L ha-1 after one month, wheat cultivation, 3. seedbed preparation, irrigation, mechanical weed control (using harrow), wheat cultivation. Subplots 1. included cultivars at three levels (Alvand, Pishgam and Back Cross Roshan) and 2. planting densities at three levels (200, 250 and 300 kg ha-1). According to the mean comparison, density and biomass of rye in the treatment of irrigation + application of herbicide decreased relative to dry cultivation by 67.7 and 74.9 percent, respectively, Pishgam cultivar decreased rye density and biomass by 36.9 and 18.7 percent, respectively. The seeding rate of 200 kg ha-1 of wheat reduced density and biomass of rye by 24.3% and 22.4%, respectively. The highest grain and biological yield of wheat was observed in irrigation and application of paraquat with 4206 and 8872.3 kg ha-1, respectively. Based on the results of this research, for weed control, especially rye, yield and yield components of winter wheat, the best method of seedbed preparation, is false seedbed preparation using chemical control of weeds. The best wheat cultivar, was Pishgam and best wheat seeding rate, was 200 kg ha-1.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biomass
  • weed
  • mechanical control
  • Chemical control
  • integrated management

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 13، شماره 1
شهریور 1396
صفحه 57-70

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