بررسی تأثیر چندین علف‌کش بر کنترل علف‌های‌هرز و عملکرد زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، استان گلستان، ایران- صندوق پستی 163.

2 تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووسف گنبدکاووس، استان گلستان، ایران- صندوق پستی 163.

چکیده

این آزمایش، به ‏منظور ارزیابی اثر علف‌کش‌های پیشکاشت تریفلورالین (نام تجاری: ترفلان) 48 درصد ای سی، اتال‎فلورالین (نام تجاری: سونالان) 3/33 درصد ای سی، علف‌کش‌های پیش‎رویشی اگزادیازون (نام تجاری: رونستار) 25 درصد ای سی و 12 درصد اس ا، سیمازین (نام تجاری: پرینسب) 4 ال و پرومترین (نام تجاری: گزاگارد) 80 درصد پودر وتابل و علف‌کش‌ پس‌رویشی لینورون (نام تجاری: آفالن) 50 درصد پودر وتابل و 45 درصد درصد اس ال، بر کنترل علف‌های‌هرز و عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه و نیز، عملکرد و بازده اسانس زیره سبز، در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. پنج گونه علف‌هرز غالب شامل سلمه تره (Chenopodium album)، شاه‎تره (Fumaria officinalis)، هفت ‎بند (Polygonum avicular)، جو‎ موشی (Hordeum murinum) و گندم خودرو (Triticum aestivum) مورد شناسایی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که اختلاف معنی‌داری بین تیمارهای مختلف علف‌کش روی تراکم و وزن خشک هر گونه و کل علف‌های‌هرز وجود داشت. تمام علف‌کش‌های مورد بررسی، تراکم کل علف‌های‌هرز را به‎طور معنی‌داری نسبت به شاهد بدون کنترل علف‏هرز کاهش دادند. نقش تیمارها در کاهش تراکم علف‌های هرز به ترتیب عبارت بود از وجین> اتال‎فلورالین> اگزادیازون> تریفلورالین= لینورون= سیمازین> پرومترین. بیشترین و کمترین وزن خشک زیست توده علف‌های‌هرز به ‌ترتیب مربوط به تیمار عدم کاربرد علف‌کش‌ها و تیمار شاهد وجین بود. در بین تیمارهای مختلف علف‌کش‌ها، اتال‎فلورالین و اگزادیازون، به ترتیب با 40/97 و 31/84 درصد نسبت به تیمار عدم کابرد علف‌کش‌، بیش‌ترین کاهش را در وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز به خود اخصاص دادند. نتایج بیانگر اختلاف معنی‌داری میان تیمارهای مختلف علف‌کش، از لحاظ تأثیر بر تراکم، تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد دانه در چتر، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد و بازده اسانس زیره سبز بود. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه و عملکرد اسانس زیره سبز، به‌ ترتیب مربوط به تیمار شاهد وجین علف‏هرز و عدم وجین بود. مصرف اتال‎فلورالین بعد از تیمار وجین، از بیشترین عملکرد دانه و عملکرد اسانس برخوردار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the Several Herbicides Effect on Weeds Control and Yield of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Dastorani 1
  • Ebrahim Gholamalalipour Alamdari 2
  • Abas Biabani 1
  • Zeinab Avarseji 1
  • Meisam Habibi 2
1 Plant Production Dep.artment, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan province, Iran. P.O.B. 163.
2 Plant Production Dep.artment, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan province, Iran. P.O.B. 163.
چکیده [English]

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the pre planting herbicides including Trifluralin (Treflan 48% EC) and Ethalfluralin (Sonalan 33.3% EC), pre emergence herbicides including Oxadiazon (Ronstar 25% EC ,12% SL), Simazine (Princep 4L) and Prometryn (Gasagard 80% WP) and post emergence herbicide including Linuron (Afalon 50% WP, 45% SL) on weed control and yield, yield components, seed yield, essence yield and essence efficiency of cumin in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Five dominant weed species i.e. Chenopodium album, Fumaria officinalis, Polygonum avicular, Hordeum murinum and Triticum aestivum were identified. Results showed that effect of the herbicides on density and dry weight of each and total weed species were significant. In this study, all herbicides significantly decreased total weed density compared to weedy check. The order of reduction in total weed density was hand weeding> Ethalfluralin> Oxadiazon> Trifluralin= Linuron= Simazine> Prometryn. The highest and lowest total dry weight of weeds were obtained in weedy check and hand weeding, respectively. Among various herbicides treatments, Ethalfluralin and Oxadiazon had the inhibitoriest effects on the total dry weight of weeds in comparison with weedy check (97.40 and 84.31% respectively). The results also showed that there were significant differences among various herbicide treatments on cumin density, number of umbrella per plant, number of seed per umbrella, 1000- seed weight, seed yield, and essence yield and efficiency. The highest and lowest seed and essence yield were obtained in hand weeding and weedy check, respectively. After weeding treatment, Ethalfluralin application had the highest seed yield and essence yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cumin
  • essence efficiency
  • ethalfluralin
  • oxadiazon
  • seed yield
  • weed dry weight

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 14، شماره 1
شهریور 1397
صفحه 83-95

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