کشت میان ردیفی گیاهان پوششی در خرما (.Phoenix dactylifera L) به منظورکنترل علف‌ هرز مرغ (.Cynodon dactylon L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1- بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی بلوچستان (ایرانشهر)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایرانشهر، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، جیرفت، ایران.

چکیده

خرما یکی از محصولات راهبردی و مهم در دنیا می‌باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر گیاهان پوششی بر کنترل علف‌هرز مرغ (Cynodon dactylon)،آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و شش تیمار در طی سال‌های 1390و1391 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل کشت میان ردیفی یونجه (Medicago sativa) به میزان 35 کیلوگرم در هکتار، چنتری (Sesbania sesban) به میزان 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار، نخود کبوتری (Cajanus cajan) به میزان 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار، ماش
(Vigna radiata) به میزان 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار، سورگوم (Sorghom bicolor) به میزان 20 کیلوگرم در هکتار و شاهد بودند. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که بیشترین زیست توده تولید شده مربوط به چنتری  با 1937 گرم در متر مربع در سال اول و 2326 گرم در متر مربع در سال دوم وکمترین آن مربوط به ماش و نخود کبوتری به ترتیب با 7/159 و 8/22 گرم در متر مربع در سال اول و 7/101 و  7/50 گرم در متر مربع در سال دوم بود. کمترین زیست توده مرغ در هر دو سال، به تیمار چنتری و یونجه و پس از آن سورگوم تعلق داشت. همچنین درصد کنترل مرغ بوسیله چنتری، سورگوم، ماش، نخود کبوتری و یونجه در سال اول به ترتیب 97، 59، 7، 3 و 94 درصد و در سال دوم، به ترتیب 99، 74، 2، 10 و 95 درصد بود. در این بررسی، چنتری و یونجه، دارای بیشترین میانگین زیست توده در هر دو سال بودند و  مشخص شد که گیاهان پوششی موثری برای کنترل مرغ می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.)Control Using Intercropping of Cover Crops with Date Palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Adim 1
  • Batool Samedani 2
  • Ebrahim Mamnoie 3
1 Research Instructor of Plant Protection Research Department, Baloochestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Iranshahr, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
3 Research Instructor of Plant Protection Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Date palm is one of the most strategic and important products in the world. To investigate the effects of cover crops intercropped with date on bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) biomass, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in Iranshahr, Baluchestan during 2011-2012. Treatments were sesbania (Sesbaniasesban)50 kg seeds/ha, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) 35 kg seeds/ha, pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) 50 kg seeds/ha, vigna (Vigna radiate) 50 kg seeds/ha and sorghum (Sorghombicolor) 20 kg seed/ha.Results showed that the sesbania with 1937 gr/m2 in first year and 2326 g/m2 in second year, had the highest biomass in both years. 1937 g/m2. Vigna and pigeon pea with 159.7 and 22.8 g/ m2 in first year and 101.7 and 50.7 g/m2 in second year respectively, had the lowest dry matters. Weeds were controlled by sesbania, sorghum, vigna, pigeon pea and alfalfa 97, 59, 7 and 3 % in first year and 99, 74, 2, 10 and 95% in second year compared to control, respectively. The study indicated that sesbania and alfalfa had the highest mean biomass in both years and were the best treatment to control and reduce biomass of bermudagrass.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biomass
  • cover crop
  • pigeon pea
  • sesbania

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 14، شماره 1
شهریور 1397
صفحه 23-31

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