کاربرد مالچ در تلفیق با دز کاهش یافته علف‌کش ایمازاتاپیر در مدیریت تلفیقی علف‌های‌هرز لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه تبریز، ایران

2 دانشگاه تبریز

3 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی دانشگده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد مالچ در تلفیق با دزهای کاهش‌یافته علف‌کش ایمازاتاپیر بر علف‌های هرز لوبیا ((Phaseolus vulgaris L.، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل و بر پایه‌ی طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی، با سه تکرار و 16 تیمار، در سال 1394 در تبریز اجرا شد. فاکتور اول، کاربرد مالچ در چهار سطح شامل کاربرد مالچ کلش گندم، مالچ زنده گاودانه، بدون مالچ و یک‌بار وجین دستی و فاکتور دوم، کاربرد دزهای مختلف علف‌کش ایمازاتاپیر در چهار سطح شامل صفر،50، 75 و 100 درصد دز توصیه شده (100 گرم ماده موثره در هکتار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل دز علف‌کش و کاربرد مالچ بر زیست توده علف‌هرز در واحد سطح، ارتفاع بوته، شاخص سطح برگ و عملکرد دانه لوبیا معنی دار بود. کمترین زیست توده علف‌های‌هرز در تیمار وجین دستی +100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر (5/106 گرم در متر مربع) مشاهده شد که با تیمارهای مالچ کلش + 100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر و مالچ زنده +100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر تفاوت معنی داری نداشت. تیمار وجین دستی + 100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر، بیشترین عملکرد دانه لوبیا را داشت (78 درصد تیمار عاری از علف‌هرز). به طور کلی می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که کاربرد علف‌کش ایمازاتاپیر به صورت پس رویشی، کارایی کمی‌در مدیریت علف‌های‌هرز لوبیا داشت و استفاده از تیمارهای غیر شیمیایی مانند مالچ و وجین دستی می‌تواند کارایی کنترل علف‌هرز را در این محصول افزایش دهد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Integrated application of mulch and reduced doses of imazethapyr for Weed Management in Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad Behgam 1
  • Rouhollah Amini 2
  • Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab 3
1 Department of Plant Ecophysiology College of Agriculture University of Tabriz Tabriz,Iran
2 University of Tabriz
3 Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect integrated application of mulch with reduced doses of imazethapyr on weeds in bean, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications and 16 treatments in Tabriz in 2015. The first factor was much application with four levels including straw mulch, living mulch, no mulch and one hand weeding and the second factor was different doses of imazethapyr including 0, 50, 75 and 100 % of recommended dose (100 g ai. ha-1). Results indicated that the interaction effects of herbicide dose and mulch application was significant on weed biomass, plant height, leaf area index and grain yield of bean. The lowest weed biomass was observed in hand weeding +100 % imazethapyr (106.5 g.m-2) that was not significantly different from straw mulch+100 % imazethapyr and living mulch +100 % imazethapyr. In 100 % dose of imazethapyr treatment, the living and straw mulch significantly increased the leaf area index of bean compared to 100 % imazethapyr. The hand weeding + 100 % imazethapyr treatment produced the highest bean grain yield (78% of weed free) and the straw mulch + 100 % imazethapyr (64% of weed free) and living mulch+ 100 % imazethapyr (53% of weed free) were the next. Generally, it could be concluded that post-emergence application of imazethapyr had low efficacy in bean weed management and using non-chemical treatments such as much and hand weeding could increase the weed control efficacy in this crop.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hand weeding
  • leaf area index
  • non-chemical management
  • straw mulch
  • weed biomass

مراجع

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 15، شماره 1
شهریور 1398
صفحه 109-124

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