بررسی تداخل علف‌های هرز با عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد عدس دیم (Lens culinaris) تحت شرایط واقعی مزرعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته اگرواکولوژی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر علف­های‌هرز روی عدس و تعیین مهم‌ترین آن‌ها، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 96-1395 در مزرعه­ای واقع در پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه انجام شد. سطوح آلودگی به علف‌های‌هرز در قسمت­های مختلف مزرعه در یک طیف شش کلاسه طبقه‌بندی شد و نمونه­برداری در واحد متر مربع با استفاده از کوادرات یک متر مربعی و طی پنج مرحله در طول فصل رشد عدس انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در سطح آلودگی بیشتر از 50 درصد (بیشترین سطح آلودگی)، تعداد و وزن دانه، تعداد و وزن غلاف و وزن هزار دانه نسبت به سطح آلودگی کمتر از 10 درصد (کمترین سطح آلودگی)، به‌ترتیب 5/79، 7/81، 1/80، 4/85 و 5/13 کاهش یافت. نتایج مربوط به مدل‌های رگرسیونی نشان داد که حضور علف­های‌هرز در مراحل اول و چهارم نمونه برداری (30 و 60 روز پس از سبز شدن گیاه)، اثر معنی‌داری بر صفات عدس داشت. در مرحله اول نمونه‌برداری، علف‌های‌هرز پیچک (Convolvulus arvensis) و شیرپنیر (Galium aparine) به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین علف‌های‌هرز مزرعه، دارای ضریب منفی و معنی‌دار بر تعداد غلاف (به‌ترتیب 3/12- و 4/11-)، وزن غلاف (به‌ترتیب 21/0- و 19/0-)، تعداد دانه (به‌ترتیب 25/12- و 20/12-) و وزن دانه (به‌ترتیب 62/0- و 59/0-) بودند. در مرحله چهارم نیز علف‌هرز شیرپنیر و کاهوی وحشی (Lactuca serriola)، دارای ضریب منفی و معنی‌داری بر تعداد غلاف (به‌ترتیب 65/11- و 23/2-)، تعداد دانه (به‌ترتیب 74/12- و 23/2-) و وزن دانه (62/0- و 11/0-) بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating weed interferences with yield and yield components of dryland lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under field conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nahid Afandideh 1
  • Alireza Bagheri 2
  • Farzad Mondani 3
  • Hamisreza Chaghazardi 3
1 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of weeds on lentil, an experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. The levels of weed infestation in different parts of the farm were classified into six classes from low to high. Sampling was performed using a 1m2 quadrate during the lentil growth season. The results showed that weed infestation levels greater than 50% (highest infestation level), seed number and weight, pod and weight and 1000-seed weight reduced 79.5%, 81.7%, 80.1%, 85.4% and 13.5% respectively in comparison with the weed infestation levels less than 10% (minimum infestation level). The results of stepwise regression models showed that the presence of weeds during the first (30 days after emergence) and fourth sampling stages (60 days after emergence) had a significant effect on different traits of lentil. In the first sampling stage, Convolvulus arvensis and Galium aparine were detected as the most important weeds with a significant negative coefficient on the number of pods (-12.3 and -11.4, respectively), pod weight (-0.21 and -0.19, respectively), seed number (-12.25 and -12.20, respectively) and seed weight (-0.62 and -0.59, respectively). In the fourth stage of sampling, G. aparine and Lactuca serriola had a significant negative coefficient on number of pods (-11.65 and -2.23, respectively), seed number (-12.74 and -2.23, respectively) and seed weight (-0.62 and -0.11) and were the most important weeds in the field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cereals
  • competition
  • Convolvulus arvensis
  • dominant weed
  • Galium aparine
  • Lactuca serriola

مراجع

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 17، شماره 1
فروردین 1400
صفحه 57-69

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