Herbicide resistance in weeds: current status in Iran

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran

3 Agronomy and Plant Breeding Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

4 Department of Agrotechnology - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

5 Department of Agronomy, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

6 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Agricultural and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

7 Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran

8 South of Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Jiroft, Iran

10.22034/ijws.2026.371318.1510

Abstract

Weeds are a major threat to sustainable production of agricultural products. Introduction of herbicide made the arduous operations of weed control remarkably less challenging. However, repeated application of herbicides with similar modes of action has resulted in herbicide resistance in weeds. Thus, weed control has become more difficult and meticulous plans should be devised to tackle this issue. In recent decades, crop production in Iran is also seriously affected by herbicide resistance. To confront this challenge, it is essential to be informed of the latest status of herbicide resistance in the country. Therefore, the present paper will review the brief status of herbicide resistance across the world, history of herbicide resistance in Iran, mechanisms of resistance observed in the country, drivers of resistance evolution in Iran, fitness cost studies carried out in the country, management strategies to overcome herbicide resistance, key challenges and research gaps in Iran, and future directions.

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Volume 21, Issue 2
January 2026
Pages 13-28
  • Receive Date: 06 November 2025
  • Revise Date: 18 December 2025
  • Accept Date: 17 December 2025
  • First Publish Date: 22 December 2025
  • Publish Date: 22 December 2025