تعیین دوره بحرانی کنترل علف‌های‌هرز آفتابگردان Helianthus annuus در منطقه مبارکه اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه یاسوج

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

به منظور تعیین دوره بحرانی کنترل علف‌های‌هرز آفتابگردان (L.Helianthus annuus)رقم ساندرا، در شهرستان مبارکه، استان اصفهان آزمایشی در سال زراعی 92-1391 در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 14 تیمار و سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها بر اساس روزهای پس از سبز شدن آفتابگردان در دو گروه تیماری کنترل و تداخل علف­های‌هرز تعیین شدند. در گروه اول، حذف علف‌های‌هرز تا 10، 20، 30، 40، 50 و 60 روز پس از سبز شدن آفتابگردان و سپس حفظ آن‌ها اعمال گردید و در گروه دوم، حفظ آلودگی به علف‌های‌هرز تا مراحل فوق و سپس حذف آن‌ها اعمال شد. دو تیمار شاهد تداخل و کنترل تمام فصل نیز در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش طول دوره‌های تداخل علف‌های‌هرز عملکرد دانه، عملکرد روغن، تعداد دانه در طبق و وزن هزار دانه کاهش معنی‌داری یافت و با افزایش طول دوره‌های کنترل این صفات افزایش معنی‌داری پیدا کرد. با افزایش طول دوره‌های تداخل علف‌های‌هرز، وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز افزایش معنی‌داری پیدا کرد  وتراکم علف‌های‌هرز ابتدا افزایش و سپس کاهش یافت. با افزایش طول دوره‌های کنترل، وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز و تراکم آنها کاهش معنی‌داری یافت. دوره بحرانی کنترل علف‌های‌هرز برای آفتابگردان با در نظر گرفتن کاهش مجاز 10 درصد عملکرد دانه، 12 تا 40 روز پس از سبز شدن آفتابگردان (مرحله 4 برگی تا گلدهی) تعیین شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of Critical Period of Weed Control in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus cv. Sandra) in Mobarekeh Esfahan Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somaye Nazarian 1
  • Alireza Yadavi 2
  • Mohsen Movahedi Dehnavi 2
  • Hamid reza balouchi 2
2 Associated Professors of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Yasouj University
چکیده [English]

In order to determine the critical period of weed control in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Sandra)a field study was conducted in the Mobarakeh region during 2013. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Treatments were based on the days after emergence of sunflower in two series. The first series consisted of weed removal, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after sunflower emergence and then weed maintained until harvest. The second series consisted of weed maintaining till mentioned stages and then weed removal until harvest. Also, two control treatments (weed free and weed infested for all of the growth season) were applied. Results showed that with increasing period of weed interference, grain yield, oil yield, seed number per head and 1000 seed weight decreased significantly. Increasing period of weed control, above characteristics increased significantly. Increasing period of weed interference, weed dry weight significantly increased, but weed density first increased and then decreased. With increasing period of weed control, weed dry weight and density significantly reduced. Considering 10% acceptable grain yield losses, the critical period of weed control of sunflower was determined to be 12-40 days after emergence (between 4 leaves and flowering stage).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Critical period
  • interference
  • Sunflower
  • seed yeild
  • weed control

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 12، شماره 1
شهریور 1395
صفحه 17-29

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