بررسی تاثیر بقایای نیکوسولفورون کاربردی در مزارع ذرت بر گندم Triticum aestivum، جو Hordeum vulgareو کلزا Brassica napus)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم علف‌های دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مشهد

4 موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی حساسیت سه گیاه زراعی کلزا، گندم و جو به پسماند علف‌‌کش نیکوسولفورون در خاک پس از برداشت ذرت، آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. این پژوهش به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. عوامل مورد بررسی در آن به ترتیب شامل کاربرد مواد آلی در خاک در چهار سطح کود گاوی (40 تن در هکتار)، کود ورمی‌کمپوست (10 تن در هکتار)، کود بیولوژیک میکوریزا (250 گرم در هر متر مربع)، به همراه شاهد بدون کاربرد کود آلی. مقادیر کاربرد علف‌‌کش نیکوسولفورون (کروز 4 درصد SC) در دو سطح 80 و 40 گرم ماده موثره در هکتار، و کاربرد و عدم کاربرد ماده افزودنی هیدرومکس (5/0درصد حجمی) بود. در کاشت ذرت هر کرت به دو نیمه کاربرد و عدم کاربرد علف‌‌کش به عنوان شاهد متناظر هر تیمار تقسیم شد. پس از برداشت ذرت، هر کرت به سه نیمه طولی تقسیم و اقدام به کشت گیاهان مذکور شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مقدار مصرف علف‌‌کش نیکوسولفورون در ذرت ارتفاع بوته، تعداد سنبله و تعداد خورجین در متر مربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله و درخورجین، وزن هزار دانه، زیست توده اندام‌های هوایی و عملکرد دانه‌ی گیاهان کلزا، گندم و جو به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت، همچنین کاربرد هیدرومکس به همراه علف‌‌کش سبب کاهش معنی‌دار زیست‌توده اندام هوایی شد. از سوی دیگرکاربرد مواد آلی سبب بهبود رشد گیاهان شد و اثرات منفی مربوط به زیست ماندگاری علف‌‌کش نیکوسولفورون را کاهش داد. بطوری که بیشترین عملکرد دانه و کمترین مقدار خسارت حاصل از پسمان علف‌‌کش نیکوسولفورون در گیاهان کلزا، گندم و جو به ترتیب 62، 419 و 446 گرم در متر مربع و 33، 23 و 28 درصداز کاربرد تیمارکود گاوی و کاربرد نیکوسولفورون به مقدار 40 گرم ماده موثره در هکتار بدست آمد. از این نظر،حساسیت گیاهان مورد مطالعه به بقایای علف‌‌کش نیکوسولفورون به صورت کلزا > جو > گندم تعیین شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Effects of soil Residue of Nicosulfuron Herbicide on Wheat (Triticum aestivum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare) and Rapeseed (Brassica napus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim mamnoei 1
  • Ebrahim Eizadi darbandi 2
  • Mehdi rastgoo 3
  • Mohammad Ali Baghestani 4
  • mohammad Hassan zade 3
چکیده [English]

To study effects of nicosulfuron herbicide in soil on wheat, barley and rapeseed after corn harvesting, a field experiment was conducted at the research fields of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The experimental design was arranged in completely randomized blocks design with factorial arrangement of treatments with three replications. The factors included organic fertilizers at 4 levels (cow manure at 40 tons ha-1, vermicompost at l0 tons ha-1, 250 g m-2 mycorrhiza and control treatment without fertilizer). Nicosulfuron (Cruz®,4% SC) rates included 40 and 80 g ai ha-1, with and without the adjuvant (HydroMax™) at 0.5% (v/v). Each plot was divided into two halves with and without the herbicide application, in the corn farm. After harvest of corn, each plot was divided into three longitudinal sections and canola, wheat and barley were planted in each section. Results indicated that plant height, number of ears or silique per square meter, number of seeds per ear or silique, 1000-grain weight, shoot biomass and grain yield of rapeseed, wheat and barley significantly reduced when herbicide was applied at recommended dose. The addition of HydroMax with nicosulfuron, reduced aboveground biomass of mentioned crops, significantly. While organic matter decreased herbicide residue of nicosulfuron and increased plant growth. However, the highest seed yield and the lowest percentage of damage were 63, 419 446 g m-2, and 33%, 23%, 28% in rapeseed, wheat and barley respectly, when cow manure was used plus nicosulfuron at 40 g ai ha-1. In this study, crops sensitivity to soil residue of nicosulfuron herbicide in soil was ranked as rapeseed> barley> wheat.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adjuvants
  • Crop Rotation
  • dry matter
  • Organic fertilizers
  • Residue

مراجع

Ali-beige, D., Fathi, G., Pourazar, R. and Bahmaee, Y. 2011. Investigation the residue effects of sulfonylurea herbicides wheat after corn. 1st National Conference on new discussion in agricultural. Islamic Azad University of Saveh, 11-12 Novamber, Saveh, Iran. 2: 91-107. (In Persian with English summary).
Anonymous, 2014. Agricultural statistics. Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Planning and Economy, Center for Information and Communication Technology. 2: 379. http://amar.maj.ir. Accessed August 11, 2016.
Baghestani, M.A., Zand, E., Lotfi-Mavi F., Esfadiari H., Pourazar R. and Mamnoie E. 2013. Evaluation of spectrum efficacy of registered herbicides used in corn. J. of Plant Pests & Diseases. 81: 100-122.
Barriuso, E. and Calvel, R. 1992. Soil type and herbicide adsorption. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 46:117-128.
Barzoei, M., Rashed Mohassel, M., Izadi Darbandy, E., Hassanzadeh, M. and Rastgoo, M. 2013.Effect of organic and biological fertilizers on trifluralin durability in soil. Proceedings of the 5th Iranian Weed Science Congress. Weeds and Herbicide Management, 24-26 August, Karaj, Iran. 1: 561-558. (In Persian with English summary).
Brown, H.M. 1990. Mode of action, crop selectivity, and soil relations of the sulfonylurea herbicides. Pesticide Sci. 29: 263-281.
Cobb, A.H. and Reade, J.P.H. 2010 .The Inhibition of Amino Acid Biosynthesis. Pages 176–199. Herbicides and Plant Physiology. 2th edn. UK: Wiley-Blackwell 296 Pp.
EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). 2007. Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide riskassessment of the active substance nicosulfuron. EFSA Scientific Report. 120: 1-91. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/ sites/default/files.html. Accessed: Novamber 29,2007.
EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet. 1989. Tribenuron Methyl, Chemical Profile 6/89. http://pmep. cce.cornell.edu/profiles/ herb-growthreg/ sethoxydim-vernolate/tribenuron.methyl .htm. Accessed August 11, 2016.
Fakhrerad, F., Izadi Darbandi, E., Rashed Mohassel, M.H. and Hassanzadeh-Khayat, M. 2012. Evaluation of some pulses and other crops sensitivity to metribuzin simulated soil residue. Iranian J. of Pulses Res. 3(2): 73-84. (In Persian with English summary).
Felix, J., Doohan, D.J., and Bruins, D. 2007. Differential vegetable crop responses to mesotrione soil residues a year after application. Crop Protec. 26:1395-1403.
Ferris, I.G. 1993. A risk assessment of sulfonylurea herbicides leaching to ground water. AGSO J. of Aust. Geol. and Geophys. 14 (2/3), 297- 302.
Hadizadeh, M.H. 2008. The effect of manure on the herbicide residues of sulfosulfuron in soil using crops sensitivity. J.of Sustain. Agric. and Prod. Sci. (J. ofAgric.Knowledge). 4: 33-45. (In Persian with English summary).
Halloway, K.L., Kookana, R.S., Noy, D.M., Smith, J.G. and Wilhelm, N. 2006. Crop damage caused byresidual acetolactate synthase herbicides in the soils of south-eastern Australia. Aust. J. Exp. Agric.46: 1323-1331.
Izadi E., Rashed Mohassel, M.H., Dehghan, M., Mahmoodi, G. 2009. Evaluation of sulfosulforun (Apyrus) herbicide simulated soil residualeEffect on 7 crops using bioassay experiment. Iranian J. of Weed Sci. 1(6): 53-64. (In Persian with English summary).
Izadi E., Rashed Mohassel, M. H, Zand, E. 2010a. Evaluation of crops sensitivity to atrazine soil residual. Iranian J. of Field Crops Res. 8 (6): 995-1001. (In Persian with English summary).
Izadi-Darbandi, E., Rashed-Mohassel, M.H., Mahmoudim, G. and Dehghan, M. 2010b. Evaluation of simulation of sulfosulfuron (Epirus) in the soil on the seven crops. J. of Sustain. Agric. and Produc. Sci. 6:53-64. (In Persian with English summary).
Izadi-Darbandi, E., Rashed-Mohassel, M.H., Mahmoodi, G. and Dehghan, M. 2011. Evaluation of crops sensitivity to Total (sulfosulfuron + metsulforun) herbicide soil residue. J. of Plant Protec. 25:194-201. (In Persian with English summary).
Izadi-Darbandi, E. 2013a. Investigation of Sensitivity of Some Pulses and Agronomic Crops to Soil Residue of Idosulfuron-mesosulfurun Herbicide. Journal of Plant Production processing 2: 121-131
Izadi-Darbandi, E., Rashed-Mohassel, M.H., Mahmoudim, G. and Dehghan, M. 2013b. Evaluation of some crops tolerance to gGranstar (tribenuron methyl) herbicide soil residual. J. of Plant Protec. 26:362-369. (In Persian with English summary).
Izadi-Darbandi, E. and Aliverdi, A. 2015. Optimizing sulfosulfuron and sulfosulfuron plus metsulfuronmethyl activity when tank-Mixed with vegetable oil to control wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum Koch.). J. Agr. Sci. Tech. 17: 1769-1780.
Kanissery, R.G. and Sims, G.K. 2011. Biostimulation for the enhanced degradation of herbicides in soil. Appl. and Environ. Soil Sci. Vol. 2011. Article ID 843450. 10 pages, DOI:10.1155/2011/843450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/843450. Accessed: Jun 28, 2011.
Kucharski, M. 2004. Degradation of phenmedipham in soil under laboratory conditions. Veg. Crops Res. Bull. 60: 63-70.
Kucharski, M. 2007. Impact of adjuvants on: phenmedipham, desmedipham and ethofumesate residues in soil and plant. Pestycydy. 3-4: 53-59.
Kucharski, M. and Sadowski, J. 2006. Effect of adjuvants on herbicide residues level in soil and plant. J. of Plant Dis. and Protect. 20: 971-975
Kucharski, M., Sadowski, J. and Domaradzki, K. 2012. Degradation rate of chloridazon in soil as influenced by adjuvants. J. of Plant Protect. Res. 52: 114-117.
Kudsk, P. and Mathiassen, S.K. 2007. Analysis of adjuvant effects and their interactions withvariable application parameters. Crop Protec. 26: 328-334.
Mahdizadeh, M. 2012. Influence of different organic fertilizers on metribuzin persistence in soil. Master's thesis. Faculty of Agriculture- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 110 Pp. (In Persian with English summary).
Mansoori, S., Zand, E., Baghestani-Maybodi, M.A. and Tavakoli, M. 2008. Effect of sulfonylurea herbicides on yield and component of yield of canola (Brassica napus). J. of Iran. Weed Sci. 4:83-85. (In Persian with English summary).
Mata-Sandoval, J.K., Karns, J. and Torrents, A. 2001. Influence of rhamnolipids and Triton X-100 on the biodegradation of three pesticides in aqueous phase and soil slurries. J. of Agric. and Food Chem. 49: 3296–3303.
Mehdizadeh, M., Alebrahim, M.T. and Bagaepour, Amrai, M. 2015. Evaluation of crops sensitivity to simazine simulated residue in soil using bioassay experiment. Proceedings of the 6th Iranian Weed Science Congress. Weeds and Herbicide Management, 10-12, Sebtember, Birjand, Iran, 1: 902-906. (In Persian with English summary).
Moyer, J.R. 1995. Sulfonylurea herbicide effects on following crops. Weed Technol. 9: 373- 379.
Mueller, K., Smith, R.E., James, T.K., Holland, P.T. and Rahman, A. 2003. Prediction of field atrazine persistence in an allophonic soil with Opuse 2. Pest Manag. Sci. 60:447-458.
Nosraty, A., Iranbakhsh, A.R. and Sabory, M.S. 2007. A survey on dispersion and disintegration of herbicides 2, 4 D and atrazin in field conditions. Agro. J. (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 75: 86-96. (In Persian with English summary).
Noy, D.M. and Hollaway, K.L. 2001. Metsulfuron-methyl residues and potential recropping damage in Victorian cropping soils. Proceedings of the 10th Australian Agronomy Conference, 29-31 January, Hobart, Australia. http:// www.regional.org.au/ au/asa/2001/ index.htm. Accessed: February 1, 2001.
Paul, R., Sharma, R., Kulshrestha, G. and Singh, S.B. 2009. Analysis of metsulfuron-methyl residues in wheat field soil, a comparison of HPLC and bioassay techniques. Pest Manag. Sci. 65: 963-968.
Pestemer, W. and Zwerger, P. 1999. The application of a standardized bioassay to estimate the phytotoxic effects of frequently used herbicides on non-target plants. Human and Environmental Exposure to Xenobiotics. Pages 763-770. In Pestemer W, ed. Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences. Italy: Bologna University Press.
Pirhadi, A., Ramezani, M.k. and Diyanat, M. 2013. Effect of trifluraline residues in soils taken from two regions of Mazandaran province on rice (Oryza sativa) grown in pots. Proceedings of the 5th Iranian Weed Science Congress. Weeds and Herbicide Management. 24-26 August, Karaj, Iran. 1: 728-731. (In Persian with English summary).
Qiu, Y., Pang, H., Zhou, Z., Zhang, P., Feng, Y. and Sheng, G.D. 2009. Competitive biodegradation of dichlobenil and atrazine coexisting in soilamended with a charandcitrate. Environ. Pollut. 157: 2964-2969.
Ramezani, M.K. 2010. Soil persistence of herbicides and their carryover effects on rotational crops– A review. Iran. J. of Weed Sci. 2: 95-119. (In Persian with English summary).
Rodriguez-Cruz, M.S., Sanchez-Martin, M.J., Andrades, M.S. and Sanchez-Camazano, M. 2007. Retention of pesticides in soil columns modified in situ and ex situ with a cationic surfactant. Sci. of the Total Environ. 378: 104-112.
Santin-Montanya., I., Alonso-Prados, J.L., Villarroya, M. and Garcia-Baudin, J.M. 2006. Bioassy for determining sensitivity to sulfosulfuron on seven plant species. J. of Environ. Sci. and Health. 41: 781-793.
Shahbazi, S., Alizadeh, H. and Jahromim, K.T. 2015. Study of nicosufuron+rimsulfuron (Ultima) residues in maize filed by bioassay. Iran. J. of Field Crop Sci. (Iran. J. of Agric. Sci.). 46: 15-24. (In Persian with English summary).
Sharifi, Z. and Taghizadeh, M. 2012. Residue effect of recently registered herbicide Lumax (mesoterion+ metolacholor + terbuthylazine) and some sulfonylurea herbicides on wheat after corn in Moghan. Int. J. of Agriscience. 2: 1036-1042.
Sharma, S.D., Kirkwood, R.C. and Whateley, T.I. 1996. Effect of non-ionic nonylphenol surfactants on surface physicochemical properties, uptake and distribution of asulam and diflufenican. Weed Res. 36: 227-239.
Sobh-Zahedi, T., Yaghoubi, B. and Mosavi, A.A. 2015. Pendimethalin residue bioassay in paddy field. Proceedings of the 6th Iranian Weed Science Congress. Weeds and Herbicide Management, 10-12 Sebtember, Birjand, Iran. 1: 907-911. (In Persian with English summary).
Sumislawska, J. and Kostowska, B. 1991. Influence of adjuvants on phenmedipham residues. Prog. in Plant Protect. 31: 152-156.
Swarcewicz, M. 1996. Influence of oil adjuvants on trifluralin persistence in light soil. Zeszyty Naukowe AR Szczecin. Rolnictwo. 63: 211-217, (In Polish with English summary). 
Swarcewicz, M. and Mulinski, Z. 1996. Effect of spray adjuvants Atpol and Olbras on atrazine fate in soil and water. Proceedings. 2nd International Weed Control Congress, 25-28 June Copenhagen, Denmark.1:343-348.
Swarcewicz, M., Mulinski, Z. and Zbiec, I. 1998. Influence of spray adjuvants on the behavior of trifluralin in the soil. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 60: 569-576.
Tejada, M., García-Martinez, A.M., Gomez, I. and Parrado, J. 2010. Application of MCPA herbicide on soils amended with biostimulants: short-time effects on soil biological properties. Chemosphere. 80: 1088–1094.
Torabi, S., Gherekhloo, J. and Kamkar, B. 2013. Investigating the effect of manure and atrazine application rate on herbicide persistence in soil. Proceedings of the 5th Iranian Weed Science Congress. Weeds and Herbicide Management, 24-26 August, Karaj, Iran. 1: 978-981. (In Persian with English summary).
Wang, M.E. and Zhou, Q.X. 2006. Effects of herbicide chlorimuronethyl on physiological mechanisms in wheat (Triticumaestivum). Ecotox. Environ. Safe. 64: 190–197.
Zand, E., Baghestani, M.A, Nezamabadi, N., Minbashi, M., Hadizadeh, M. H. 2009a. A review on the last list of herbicides and the most important weeds of Iran. J. of Res. weeds. 1 (2): 83-100 (In Persian with English summary).
Zand, E., M. A Baghestani, R. Pour Azar, P. Sabeti, F. Ghezeli, M. M. Khayami, F. Ghezeli and A. Rzazy. 2009b. Efficacy of new herbicide Lomax (mesotrione +s-metolachlor +terbuthylazine) Altima (nicosulfuron +rimsulfuron) and dynamic (amicarbazon) in compared with conventional herbicides in corn fields in Iran. J. of Plant Protec. 23: 42-55. (In Persian with English summary).
Zhang, H., Mu, W., Hou, Z., Wu, X., Zhao, W., Zhang, X., Pan, H. and Zhang, S. 2012. Biodegradation of nicosulfuron by the bacterium Serratia marcescens N80. J of Environ. Sci. Health. 47(3):153-160.
 
 
دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 12، شماره 1
شهریور 1395
صفحه 79-96

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار