مطالعه اثر ترکیب سالیسیلیک اسید با برخی ‌‌علف‌کش‌ها بر فلورسانس کلروفیل a و برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی علف‌هرز سلمه‌تره (Chenopodium album)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران

2 هیئت علمی گروه زراعت دانشگاه تهران

3 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشیار علوم علف‌های‌هرز، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

فتوسنتز در گیاهان به شدت تحت تاثیر تنش است. یکی از روش‌های ارزیابی تنش­های مختلف همچون اثر تیمار ‌‌علف‌کشی روی فتوسنتز، بررسی فلورسانس کلروفیل a است. استفاده از تنظیم کننده­های رشد گیاهی مانند سالیسیلیک اسید (SA)، یکی از راهکارهای غلبه بر بی­نظمی­های فیزیولوژیکی ایجاد شده در گیاه است. از این رو، به منظور مطالعه اثر ترکیب SA با ‌‌علف‌کش­های بنتازون، بروموکسینیل+ ام­سی­پی­آو توفوردی + ام­سی­پی­آ بر رفتار فیزیولوژیکی سلمه­تره، آزمایشی گلخانه‌ای در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال 1395 اجرا شد. نتایج نشان دهنده کاهش فلورسانس حداکثر (Fm)، فلورسانس متغیر(Fv)، حداکثر کارایی فتوشیمیایی فتوسیستم II (Fv/Fm)، کارایی کمپلکس تجزیه کننده آب به عنوان دهنده الکترون فتوسیستم II (Fv/Fo)، و شاخص عملکرد (PIABS) و افزایش فلورسانس حداقل (Fo) و هدررفت گرمایی (Fo/Fm) بوته‌های سلمه‌تره در پی تیمار با بنتازون و بروموکسینیل + ام­سی­پی­آ بود. وزن خشک و شاخص کلروفیل این علف‌هرز در تیمار شاهد (عدم کاربرد SA)، به ترتیب 3/4 و 1/2 درصد افزایش داشت، اما در تیمارهای بنتازون، بروموکسینیل + ام­سی­پی­آ و توفوردی + ام­سی­پی­آ به ترتیب 6/41، 7/13 و 6/13 درصد و 2/32، 4/36 و 7/18 درصد کاهش یافت. SA نه تنها کارایی بنتازون و بروموکسینیل + ام­سی­پی­آ را کاهش نداد، بلکه موجب افزایش کارایی این دو ‌‌علف‌کش شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the Effect of Salicylic Acid (SA) Mixture with Some Herbicides on Chlorophyll a Fluoresce and some Morphological Traits of Common Lambesquarts (Chenopodium album)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soheila Porheidar Ghafarbi 1
  • Hamid Rahimian 2
  • Hassan Alizadeh 3
  • Sirous Hassannejad 4
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breading, Faculty of agriculture, University of Tehran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant breading, University of Tehran
3 Department of Agronomy and Plant breading, University of Tehran
4 Associate of Weed Science, Department of Plant Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
چکیده [English]

Photosynthesis in plants is strongly influenced by stress. Evaluation of chlorophyll a fluoresce is one of the methods for assessment the different stresses effects such as herbicide on photosynthesis. Application of plant growth regulators like salicylic acid (SA), is one of the strategies to overcome for physiological disorders in plant. Therefore, to study the effect of SA mixture with Bentason, Bromoxynil+MCPA and 2,4-D+MCPA herbicides on physiological behavior of Common lambesquarts (Chenopodium album L.), a greenhouse experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in Agricultural faculty of University of Tabriz in 2016. The results indicated a reduction in maximum fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv), maximum quantum yield of photochemistry (Fv/Fm), efficiency of the water-splitting complex on the donor side of PSII (Fv/Fo), and performance index (PIABS), and an increase in minimum fluorescence (Fo) and photosystem II antenna (Fo/Fm) of Common lambesquarts subjected to Bentason and Bromoxynil+MCPA. Dry weight and chlorophyll index in control treatment (without SA) increased 4.3% and 2.1% respectively, but in Bentason and Bromoxynil+MCPA and 2,4-D+MCPA treatments, these two indexes reduced 41.6%, 13.7%, 13.6% and 32.2%, 36.4%, 18.7%, respectively. SA not only did not reduce the Bentason and Bromoxynil+MCPA efficiency, but also increased efficiency of these two herbicides.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll a fluorescence
  • Chlorophyll index
  • Dry weight
  • herbicide
  • salicylic acid
 
 
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