بررسی اثر چهار گیاه پوششی بر مدیریت علف‌های‌هرز در باغات آلو (Prunus domestica) در شهرستان ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ارومیه

2 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر گیاهان پوششی زمستانه و روش­های مدیریت بقایای آنها بر تراکم و‌ وزن خشک علف­های هرز، آزمایشی طی دو سال زراعی 1394-1392 در یک باغ آلو (Prunus domestica) در شهرستان ارومیه اجرا شد. آزمایش با آرایش تیماری کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل ترکیب چهار گونه گیاه پوششی شامل‌ چاودار Secale cereale))،‌ شبدر ایرانی (Trifolium resupintum)،‌کلزا (Brassica napus) و‌جو (Hordeum vulgare) در کرت­های اصلی و دو روش مدیریت بقایا شامل استفاده از موور و روتیواتور در کرت­های فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین‌وزن خشک گیاهان پوششی، به ترتیب به چاودار (275 گرم بر مترمربع) و شبدر (97 گرم بر مترمربع) و نیز بیشترین‌و کمترین‌شاخص سطح برگ گیاهان پوششی، به ترتیب به چاودار (5/3) و شبدر (4/1) تعلق داشت. مقایسه تیمارهای استفاده از روتیواتور و کف­بر کردن نشان داد که روتیواتور بهتر از کف بر کردن، تراکم علف‌های‌هرز (67 درصد) و وزن خشک کل علف‌های‌هرز (31 درصد) را کاهش داد. به طور کلی، کاشت چاودار و جو, به همراه استفاده از روتیواتور، بهترین راهکار قابل توصیه برای کنترل علف‌های‌هرز در باغات آلو‌است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the Effect of Four Cover Crops on the Weed Management in Plum (Prunus domestic) Orchards in Urmia

نویسندگان [English]

  • naser Jafarzadeh 1
  • Moahammad Bazoubandi 2
1 Plant Protection Research Department, West Azarbayjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, IRAN
2 Assistant of Agriculture Research and Education Centre of Razavi Khorasan, AREEO, IRAN
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effects of winter cover crops and their management on the density and dry matter of weeds in plum orchards, an experiment was conducted during 2014-2015 in Urmia. The experiment was performed in the randomized complete block design with spilt plot arrangement. Four cover crops in main plots included: ryegrass
(Secale cereale L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oilseed (Brassica napus L.) and clover (Trifolium resupintum L.) and management methods including cutting- off cover crops and using rotivator in sub –plots were experimental treatments. According to the results, the highest and lowest‌ dry matter of cover crops belonged to ryegrass (275 gr.m-2) and clover (97 gr.m-2) and the highest and lowest leaf area index were observed in ryegrass (3.5) and clover (1.4) respectively. Comparison of cutting- off cover crop and rotivator revealed that rotivator’s effect on weed density (%67) and dry matter (%31) is more effective than cutting-off cover crops. Totally, results of this study revealed that‌ ryegrass and barley planting as cover crops, along with using rotivator, is the best recommended method for weed control in Urmia plum orchards.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barley
  • clover
  • oilseed
  • Rye

مراجع

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 13، شماره 2
دی 1396
صفحه 115-123

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