تأثیر سه گونه قارچ میکوریزا بر فتوسنتز، رشد و محتوای متابولیت‌های ثانویه در علف‌هرز نیلوفر پیچ (Ipomoea purpurea L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

4 استاد، گروه فیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده بیولوژی، دانشگاه ناوارا

چکیده

خاک­ورزی، کاربردکودهای شیمیایی و آفت­کش­ها با کاهش جمعیت قارچ­های میکوریزا در خاک­های زراعی، امکان بهرمندی گیاهان زراعی از همزیستی با این موجودات را کاهش می­دهند. افزایش جمعت قارچ­های میکوریزا به­صورت مصنوعی، به­عنوان راهکاری برای رفع این مشکل مطرح می­باشد؛ با این­حال و در این صورت، امکان بهرمندی علف­های هرز نیز وجود خواهد داشت. بنابراین آزمایشی به منظور بررسی پاسخ علف­هرز نیلوفر پیچ به همزیستی با سه گونه قارچ میکوریزآرباسکولار(Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizoglomus fasciculatum , Rhizoglomus intraradices ) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تلقیح گیاهان با مایکوریزای R. intraradices سرعت فتوسنتزی را 9/1 برابر نسبت به گیاهان شاهد افزایش داد و تلقیح با گونه F. mosseae شاخص کلروفیل برگ، وزن خشک ریشه و حجم ریشه را به‌ترتیب 35، 60 و 70 درصد در مقایسه با گیاهان تلقیح نیافته بهبود داد. تلقیح با دوگونهF. mosseae  و R. fasiculatumسبب بهبود پارامترهای رشدی گیاه شد. همچنین تلقیح با میکوریزا، متابولیت­های ثانویه گیاه ازجمله فنل، فلاونوئید و ترپنوئیدهای کل گیاه را افزایش داد. تجمع فلاونوئیدها در برگ­های گیاهان تلقیح یافته با مایکوریزای F. mosseae، 2/4 برابر بیشتر از گیاهان تلقیح نیافته بود. افزایش فتوسنتز، رشد و محتوای متابولیت ثانویه در علف­های‌هرز همزیست شده با قارچ میکوریزا نشان می­دهد که قدرت رقابت و توان آللوپاتیک این گیاهان به هنگام برقراری رابطه همزیستی، افزایش می­یابد و توان آللوپاتیک بالا، علف­هرز را به یک رقیب قوی علیه سایر گونه­های گیاهی در محیط تبدیل می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of three Species of mycorrhizal fungus on photosynthesis, growth and secondary metabolites content of (Ipomoea purpurea L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sakineh Rashidi 1
  • Ali Reza Yousefi 2
  • Majid Pouryousef 3
  • Maria Nieves Goicoechea 4
1 Department of Plant Production & Genetics, University of Zanjan
2 Department of Plant Production & Genetics, University of Zanjan
3 Department of Plant Production & Genetics, University of Zanjan
4 Department of Environmental Biology, Plant Stress Physiology Group, Associated to CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, ICVV, Logroño), Schools of Sciences and Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra
چکیده [English]

In arable soils, decreasing the fungal population due to tillage, application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, reduces the potential benefits of mycorrhizal fungi for crop plants. To solve this problem, soil inoculation can be a practical ways to improve population size of mycorrhizal fungi, however, in this situation, weeds can also be benefited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizoglomus fasciculatum, Rhizoglomus intraradices) on the growth of I.purpurea. Results indicated that inoculation with R. intraradices increased photosynthetic rate 1.9 times compared to control plants and inoculation with F. mosseae increased leaf chlorophyll index, root dry weight and root volume by 35%, 60 % and 70%, respectively, compared to the non inoculated plants. Inoculation with F. mosseae and R. fasiculatum improved plant growth parameters. Inoculation with AMF also increased plant's secondary metabolites, including phenolic compound, flavonoids and total terpenoid. The concentration of flavonoids in leaves of I. purpurea colonized by F. mosseae was 4.2 times more than that found in leaves of non- inoculated control plants. Increased photosynthesis, growth and secondary metabolites content in weeds associated with mycorrhizal fungi indicate that the competitive ability and allelopathic potential of these plants will increase when associated with AMF and the high allelopathic potential may facilitate this weed to become a good competitor against other plant species in the environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth
  • Ipomoea purpurea L
  • mycorrhizal fungus
  • secondary metabolites

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 16، شماره 2
مهر 1399
صفحه 99-114

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