پاسخ جوانه‌زنی بذر گل‌گندم مهاجر (Centaurea bruguierana Hand.-Mazz) به عوامل محیطی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، باوی، ملاثانی، ایران

2 دانشجوی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، باوی، ملاثانی، ایران

چکیده

گل­ گندم مهاجر به‌عنوان یکی از علف­های‌هرز پهن­ برگ، در اکثر مناطق ایران حضور دارد و هیچ اطلاعاتی در مورد بیولوژی جوانه­ زنی این علف­ هرز، به خصوص اثر فاکتورهای محیطی بر آن، در دسترس نمی­باشد. به‌منظور بررسی پاسخ گل­ گندم مهاجر(Centaurea bruguierana Hand.-Mazz) به دما (پنج، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30، 35 و 40 درجه سلسیوس)، سطوح مختلف شوری(صفر، 50، 100، 150، 200، 250، 300 و 350 میلی­ مولار) و خشکی (صفر، 2/0-، 4/0-، 6/0-،8/0-، 1- و 2/1- مگاپاسکال)، سه آزمایش جداگانه در سال 1398 در دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در شش تکرار انجام شد. بیشترین درصد جوانه ­زنی(10/91 درصد) در 25 درجه سلسیوس اتفاق افتاد و درصد جوانه­ زنی در دمای پنج، 10، 15، 20و 30 درجه سلسیوس، به‌ترتیب 27/71، 36/73، 84/80، 59/84 و  97/44 درصد بود. نتایج شوری نشان داد که کاهش 50 درصدی (پارامتر x50 معادله لجستیک) صفات درصد ، جوانه­ زنی و شاخص جوانه ­زنی، به‌ترتیب معادل 71/147، 49/81 و 82/138 میلی ­مولار بود. همچنین تنش خشکی 66/0-، 040/0- و 58/0- مگاپاسکال، به‌ترتیب درصد ، سرعت جوانه‌زنی و شاخص جوانه‌زنی را % 50 کاهش داد. با افزایش شوری و خشکی، متوسط زمان جوانه ­زنی افزایش و در بالاترین سطح شوری و خشکی، متوسط زمان جوانه­ زنی به‌ترتیب برابر 19/8 و 05/8 روز بود. اطلاعات به‌دست آمده از این تحقیق می­تواند در پیش­بینی گسترش این علف­ هرز در شرایط تنش­های محیطی در مزارع کشاورزی کمک نماید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Seed germination response of Centaurea bruguierana Hand.-Mazz to environmental factors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Zare 1
  • Fatemeh Deris 2
  • Zahra Karimi 2
1 Plant Production and Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Bavi, Mollasani, Iran
2 Plant Production and Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Bavi, Mollasani, Iran
چکیده [English]

Centaurea bruguierana is one of the broadleaf weeds in the most regions of Iran and no information is available on its biology of germination, especially the effects of environmental factors on itTo investigate the response of Centaurea bruguierana to temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40°C), salinity (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 Mm) and drought stress (0, -o.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1 and -1.2 MPa), three separate experiments were conducted in Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, based on completely randomized design (CRD) with six replicates. Maximum germination percentage (91/10%) accrued at 25°C and germination percentage at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 were 71/27%, 73/36%, 80/84% and 44/97%, respectively. The result of salinity revealed that the salinity required for 50% inhibition of germination percentage, rate and index were 147.71, 81.49 and 138.82mM, respectively. Also, 0.66, 0.040 and 0.58 MPa drought stress decreased germination percentage, rate and index by 50%. With increasing salinity and drought, the average germination time increased and at the highest level of salinity and drought, the average germination time was 8.19 and 8.05 days, respectively. The information obtained from this research can help to predict the dynamics of this weed under environmental stresses in agricultural fields.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought stress
  • germination index
  • germination rate
  • mean germination time
  • salinity
  • temperature

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دانش علف‌های هرز ایران
دوره 16، شماره 2
مهر 1399
صفحه 115-127

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