اثرات فاصله ردیف و مدت زمان کنترل علف های هرز روی عملکرد ،اجزای عملکرد و میزان روغن کلزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه گیلان

2 موسسه تحقیقات برنج

چکیده

1 به منظور بررسی اثرات فاصله ردیف کاشت و مدت کنترل علف‌های هرز بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن کلزا، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 88-1387 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور واقع در شهرستان رشت به اجرا درآمد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل فاصله ردیف در 2 سطح (25 و 35 سانتی متر) و کنترل علف های هرز در 7 سطح (شامل وجین دستی تا پایان مراحل سبز شدن، 2 برگی، 4 برگی، 8 برگی و ظهور (تشکیل) جوانه های گل) بود. پس از این مراحل، به علف های هرز اجازه رقابت با گیاه زراعی داده شد. دو تیمار تداخل و کنترل کامل نیز به عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شدند. صفات ارزیابی شده شامل تعداد خورجین در بوته، تعداد دانه در خورجین، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، درصد (مقدار) روغن و عملکرد روغن بود. نتایج نشان داد که فاصله ردیف های کاشت مختلف اثر معنی داری بر تمامی صفات به جز درصد روغن داشت. افزایش فاصله ردیف کاشت با افزایش تعداد خورجین در بوته و وزن هزاردانه همراه بود. سایر صفات با افزایش فاصله ردیف کاشت، به طور معنی داری کاهش یافتند. علاوه بر این، افزایش مدت کنترل علف های هرز، تمامی صفات به جز درصد روغن را به طور معنی داری افزایش داد. برهمکنش فاصله ردیف × مدت کنترل علف های هرز نیز بر تمامی صفات به جز درصد روغن و وزن هزار دانه معنی دار بود. بر اساس نتایج، بیشترین مقدار عملکرد دانه و روغن مربوط به فاصله ردیف 25 سانتی متر در تیمار کنترل کامل بوده و کمترین میزان این صفات نیز به فاصله ردیف 35 سانتی متر در تیمار تداخل کامل اختصاص داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Row Spacing and Weed Control Duration on Yield, Yield Components and Oil Content of Canola

نویسندگان [English]

  • maryam radjabian 1
  • jafar asghari 1
  • mohammad ehteshami 1
  • mohammad rabiee 2
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of row spacing and weed control duration on yield, yield components and oil content of canola, a factorial experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The factors comprised row spacing at 2 levels (25 and 35 centimeter) and weed control 4, 8 leaf stages and formation of flower buds. Weeds were permitted to grow by the crop after the above mentioned growth stages. Two check treatments as control, including weedy and weed free were also selected. Evaluated traits were number of pods.plant-1, number of grains.pod-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, oil content and oil yield. Results showed that different row spacing had significant effect on all traits except oil content. Increase in row spacing was significantly accompanied by increase in pod number.plant-1 and 1000-grain weight. Other traits were significantly decreased with increasing row spacing. In addition, increase in weed control duration resulted in significant increase in all traits except oil content. The interaction of row spacing × weed control duration was also significant for all traits except 1000-grain weight and oil content. Based on the results, the highest values of grain and oil yield were related to 25 centimeter row spacing on total weed free check and the lowest amounts of these traits were obtained from 35 centimeter row spacing on weedy check treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • row spacing
  • weed control duration
  • Grain yield
  • Oil content
  • Canola

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