بررسی کارایی روش‌های کنترل شیمیایی و غیرشیمیایی در مهار علف‌های‌هرز توت‌فرنگی (Fragaria ananassa) درکردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

2 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، ایران

3 مرکز آموزش و تحقیقات کشاورزی سنندج، سنندج، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر روش‌های مختلف شیمیایی و غیرشیمیایی در کنترل علف‌های‌هرز مزارع توت‌فرنگی، این مطالعه در تابستان 1398 در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در مزرعه چندساله توت‌فرنگی سنندج اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل تعدادی از علف‌کش‌های پیش‌رویشی (ایندازیفلم و تری‌فلورالین) و پس‌رویشی (تری‌بنورون‌متیل و کلودینافوپ پروپارژیل) و روش‌های غیرشیمیایی  شامل وجین، سرکه، مالچ‌ها (پلاستیک شفاف و تیره، کاه و کلش و خاک اره)، شعله­افکن و شاهد بود. نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان داد که تیمارهای مختلف، دارای تاثیر معنی‌دار بر اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه توت‌فرنگی و علف‌های‌هرز بودند. زیست­توده علف‌های‌هرز پس از کاربرد ایندازیفلم نسبت به شاهد آلوده به علف‌هرز، کاهش معنی‌داری (97 درصد) داشت. علف‌کش تری‌بنورون ‌متیل و مالچ خاک اره با تیمار وجین علف‌هرز تفاوتی نداشتند و موجب کاهش 86 درصدی زیست توده علف‌های‌هرز نسبت به شاهد آلوده به علف‌هرز شدند. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد توت‌فرنگی، تحت تاثیر تیمارهای خاک‌ اره و ایندازیفلم (02/703 و 51/686 گرم در متر مربع) به‌دست آمد. به‌طوربه‌طورکلی، علف‌کش ایندازیفلم و مالچ خاک­اره، علاوه بر عدم تاثیر منفی بر روی میوه‌ توت‌فرنگی، به‌دلیل کنترل مناسب علف‌های‌هرز، موجب افزایش عملکرد توت‌فرنگی (به‌ترتیب 126 و 131 درصد نسبت به شاهد آلوده به علف‌هرز) شد و می‌توان آن را جهت کنترل علف‌های‌هرز این مزارع توصیه نمود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy of chemical and non-chemical weed control approaches in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) fields in Kurdistan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sirwan Babaei 1
  • Soraya Ahmadi 1
  • Iraj Tahmasebi 2
  • Mohammad Sarseyfi 3
1 Dept. of Plant Production and Genetic Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan Sanandaj, Iran.
2 Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan Sanandaj, Iran.
3 Sanandaj Agricultural Training and Research Center, Sanandaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of different chemical and non-chemical weed control approaches in strawberry fields, this study was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications in a perennial strawberry field in Sanandaj in 2019. Treatments included some pre (indaziflam and trifluralin) and post-emergence (tribenuron methyl and clodinafop propargyl) emergence herbicides and non-chemical methods including hand weeding, vinegar, mulches (transparent and black poly ethylene, straw and sawdust), flaming and check. The results showed that different treatments had significant effects on most of the studied traits of strawberry and weeds.  Weed biomass had a significant decrease (97%) after indaziflam application compared to weed infested treatment. Tribenuron methyl and sawdust mulch had no differences from hand weeding and reduced weed biomass by 86% compared to weed infested. Also, sawdust and indaziflam resulted in the highest strawberry yield (703.02 and 686.51 g.m-2) compared to the other methods. In general, indaziflam and sawdust not only had not negative effect on strawberry fruit, but also due to the proper weed control effects, they increase the strawberry yield (126 and 131%, respectively, compared to the weed-infested check) and can be used as recommended weed control method in these fields.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Black mulch
  • flaming
  • indaziflam
  • organic farming
  • sawdust

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