تعیین دوره بحرانی کنترل علف های هرز زعفران پاییزه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استاد دانشگاه

چکیده

به منظور تعیین دوره بحرانی علف های هرز در گلرنگ، دوآزمایش صحرایی در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز در دو منطقه باجگاه و کوشکک انجام شد . تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل حفظ و یا حذف علف های هرز تا مدت زمانی مشخص پس از کاشت گیاه زراعی بود . شروع د وره بحرانی کنترل علف های هرز به صورت مرحله ای از رشد گیاه زراعی که رقابت علف هرز منجر به کاهش 10 درصد عملکرد گردید، تعریف شد . همچنین انتهای دوره بحرانی به صورت مرحله ای از رشد گیاه زراعی تعریف شد که در آن برای جلوگیری از کاهش عملکرد تا سطح 10 درصد، مزرعه ب اید عاری از علف هرز نگهداری شود . دوره بحرانی کنترل علف های هرز برای باجگاه بین مراحل ابتدای ساقه رفتن تا گلدهی ( 144 تا 220 روز پس از کاشت ) و برای منطقه کوشکک بین مراحل ابتدای ساقه رفتن تا ابتدای ظهور جوانه گل ( 135 تا روز پس از کاشت 184 ) بود. نتایج نشان داد ک ه شروع دوره بحرانی، در قیاس با انتهای آن، تغییرات کمتری دارد که تأیید کننده این موضوع است که مهار زود هنگام علف های هرز در گلرنگ امری ضروری است . همچنین با افزایش طول دوره تداخل علف های هرز، اجزای عملکرد (تعداد قوزه در بوته و تعداد دانه در قوزه) بطور معنی داری کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of The Critical Period of Weed Control in Fall-grown Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius

نویسندگان [English]

  • h miri
  • h ghadiri
چکیده [English]

To determine the critical period of weed control in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), two field studies were conducted in 2002 at the Bajgah and Kooshkak Experimental Stations, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University. Each experiment consisted of two series of treatments. In the first series, weeds were kept in place until crop emergence, leaf formation, stem elongation, lateral stem emergence, head emergence, flowering and ripening, and were then removed and the crop kept weed-free for the rest of the season. In the second series, crops were kept weed-free until the above growth stages after which weeds were allowed to grow in the plots for the rest of the season. The beginning of the critical period was defined as the crop stage in which weed interference reduced crop yield by 10%. Similarly, the end of the critical period was defined as the crop stage in which the crop had to be weed free to prevent more than 10% yield loss. The Weibull and MMF models were used to determine the critical period. The critical period of weed control occurred between safflower early stem elongation and flowering stages (144-220 days after planting, DAP) at the Bajgah site and between early stem elongation andearly head emergence stages (135-184 DAP) at Kooshkak. The onset of interference seems to be less variable than its conclusion, indicating that early weed control is necessary to prevent yield loss. Also, with increase in as the weed interference period increased so yield components (number of heads per plant and number of seeds per head) decreased significantly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Safflower
  • weed competion
  • weed interference
  • Critical period
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